Summary.
Reaction of tryptophan, tryptophan methyl ester and tryptamine with methylglyoxal (a physiological α-oxoaldehyde), which resulted in β-carboline formation, showed that this type of nonenzymatic (Maillard) reaction could spontaneously occur in living organisms or during commercial or domestic food processing and storage.
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Nemet, I., Varga-Defterdarović, L. Methylglyoxal-derived β-carbolines formed from tryptophan and its derivates in the Maillard reaction. Amino Acids 32, 291–293 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-006-0337-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-006-0337-7