Abstract
The magnetic properties of Pt/CoFeTaB/Ir and Ir/CoFeTaB/Pt trilayer thin films have been studied using angular- and temperature-dependent ferromagnetic resonance. This enables quantitative determination of the various contributions to the magnetic behavior, including separating, the effective Gilbert damping, inhomogeneous damping, and two-magnon-scattering contributions to the magnetic dissipation. As-deposited films show behavior consistent with significant incorporation of Ir into CoFeTaB only when the Ir layer is deposited first. Annealing of the structures at \(300\,^{\circ } \hbox {C}\) causes only minor structural and magnetic modification when Pt is deposited first, and more pronounced changes, attributed to thermally-driven out-diffusion of Ir from CoFeTaB, are found when Ir is deposited first. A holistic consideration of the magnetic resonance behavior can provide detailed information on the atomic-scale structure in magnetic thin-film devices.
Similar content being viewed by others
Availability of Data and Materials
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
References
L. Zhu, D.C. Ralph, R.A. Buhrman, Effective spin-mixing conductance of heavy-metal-ferromagnet interfaces. Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 057203 (2019)
W. Zhang, V. Vlaminck, J.E. Pearson, R. Divan, S.D. Bader, A. Hoffmann, Determination of the pt spin diffusion length by spin-pumping and spin hall effect. Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 242414 (2013)
V. Vlaminck, J.E. Pearson, S.D. Bader, A. Hoffmann, Dependence of spin-pumping spin hall effect measurements on layer thicknesses and stacking order. Phys. Rev. B 88, 064414 (2013)
O. Mosendz, J. Pearson, F. Fradin, G. Bauer, S. Bader, A. Hoffmann, Quantifying spin hall angles from spin pumping: experiments and theory. Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 046601 (2010)
H. Nakayama, M. Althammer, Y.-T. Chen, K.-I. Uchida, Y. Kajiwara, D. Kikuchi, T. Ohtani, S. Geprägs, M. Opel, S. Takahashi et al., Spin hall magnetoresistance induced by a nonequilibrium proximity effect. Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 206601 (2013)
S. Marmion, M. Ali, M. McLaren, D. Williams, B. Hickey, Temperature dependence of spin hall magnetoresistance in thin yig/pt films. Phys. Rev. B 89, 220404 (2014)
A.W. Wells, P.M. Shepley, C.H. Marrows, T.A. Moore, Effect of interfacial intermixing on the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in pt/co/pt. Phys. Rev. B 95, 054428 (2017)
D. Meier, D. Reinhardt, M. Van Straaten, C. Klewe, M. Althammer, M. Schreier, S.T. Goennenwein, A. Gupta, M. Schmid, C.H. Back et al., Longitudinal spin seebeck effect contribution in transverse spin seebeck effect experiments in pt/yig and pt/nfo. Nat. Commun. 6, 8211 (2015)
C. Deger, Strain-enhanced Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction at co/pt interfaces. Sci. Rep. 10, 1 (2020)
A. Hrabec, N. Porter, A. Wells, M. Benitez, G. Burnell, S. McVitie, D. McGrouther, T. Moore, C. Marrows, Measuring and tailoring the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in perpendicularly magnetized thin films. Phys. Rev. B 90, 020402 (2014)
M. Tokaç, S. Bunyaev, G. Kakazei, D. Schmool, D. Atkinson, A. Hindmarch, Interfacial structure dependent spin mixing conductance in cobalt thin films. Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 056601 (2015)
T. Fache, J. Rojas-Sanchez, L. Badie, S. Mangin, S. Petit-Watelot, Determination of spin hall angle, spin mixing conductance, and spin diffusion length in cofeb/ir for spin-orbitronic devices. Phys. Rev. B 102, 064425 (2020)
A. Belabbes, G. Bihlmayer, F. Bechstedt, S. Blügel, A. Manchon, Hund’s rule-driven Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction at 3d–5d interfaces. Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 24, 247202 (2016)
X. Ma, G. Yu, C. Tang, X. Li, C. He, J. Shi, K.L. Wang, X. Li, Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction: effect of 5 d band filling and correlation with spin mixing conductance. Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 157204 (2018)
S. Tacchi, R. Troncoso, M. Ahlberg, G. Gubbiotti, M. Madami, J. Åkerman, P. Landeros, Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in pt/cofeb films: effect of the heavy-metal thickness. Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 147201 (2017)
N.-H. Kim, J. Jung, J. Cho, D.-S. Han, Y. Yin, J.-S. Kim, H.J. Swagten, C.-Y. You, Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, surface anisotropy energy, and spin pumping at spin orbit coupled ir/co interface. Appl. Phys. Lett. 108, 142406 (2016)
J. Geissler, E. Goering, M. Justen, F. Weigand, G. Schütz, J. Langer, D. Schmitz, H. Maletta, R. Mattheis, Pt magnetization profile in a pt/co bilayer studied by resonant magnetic X-ray reflectometry. Phys. Rev. B 65, 020405 (2001)
K. Gupta, R.J. Wesselink, R. Liu, Z. Yuan, P.J. Kelly, Disorder dependence of interface spin memory loss. Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 087702 (2020)
S.-Y. Huang, X. Fan, D. Qu, Y. Chen, W. Wang, J. Wu, T. Chen, J. Xiao, C. Chien, Transport magnetic proximity effects in platinum. Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 107204 (2012)
M. Caminale, A. Ghosh, S. Auffret, U. Ebels, K. Ollefs, F. Wilhelm, A. Rogalev, W. Bailey, Spin pumping damping and magnetic proximity effect in pd and pt spin-sink layers. Phys. Rev. B 94, 014414 (2016)
K.-S. Ryu, S.-H. Yang, L. Thomas, S.S. Parkin, Chiral spin torque arising from proximity-induced magnetization. Nat. Commun. 5, 3910 (2014)
H. Yang, A. Thiaville, S. Rohart, A. Fert, M. Chshiev, Anatomy of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction at co/pt interfaces. Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 267210 (2015)
M. Belmeguenai, D. Apalkov, M. Gabor, F. Zighem, G. Feng, G. Tang, Magnetic anisotropy and damping constant in cofeb/ir and cofeb/ru systems. IEEE Trans. Magn. 54, 1 (2018)
W. Skowroński, T. Nozaki, Y. Shiota, S. Tamaru, K. Yakushiji, H. Kubota, A. Fukushima, S. Yuasa, Y. Suzuki, Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of ir/cofeb/mgo trilayer system tuned by electric fields. Appl. Phys. Express 8, 053003 (2015)
O. Inyang, L. Bouchenoire, B. Nicholson, M. Tokaç, R. Rowan-Robinson, C. Kinane, A. Hindmarch, Threshold interface magnetization required to induce magnetic proximity effect. Phys. Rev. B 100, 174418 (2019)
M. Tokaç, C.J. Kinane, D. Atkinson, A.T. Hindmarch, Temperature dependence of magnetically dead layers in ferromagnetic thin-films. AIP Adv. 7, 115022 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4997366
S. Kazan, B. Kocaman, A. Parabaş, F. Yıldız, Collective spin behavior of nige thin films on mgo substrate. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 527, 167722 (2021)
R. Topkaya, S. Kazan, R. Yilgin, N. Akdoğan, M. Özdemir, B. Aktaş, Ferromagnetic resonance studies of exchange biased coo/fe bilayer grown on mgo substrate. J. Supercond. Novel Magn. 27, 1503 (2014)
R. Yilgin, M. Oogane, S. Yakata, Y. Ando, T. Miyazaki, Intrinsic Gilbert damping constant in co/sub 2/mnal Heusler alloy films. IEEE Trans. Magn. 41, 2799 (2005)
H. Sakimura, A. Asami, T. Harumoto, Y. Nakamura, J. Shi, K. Ando, Enhancement of two-magnon scattering induced by a randomly distributed antiferromagnetic exchange field. Phys. Rev. B 98, 144406 (2018)
J. Lindner, I. Barsukov, C. Raeder, C. Hassel, O. Posth, R. Meckenstock, P. Landeros, D. Mills, Two-magnon damping in thin films in case of canted magnetization: theory versus experiment. Phys. Rev. B 80, 224421 (2009)
H. Beljers, J. Smit, Ferromagnetic resonance absorption in bafe12o19 a highly anisotropic crystal. Phil. Res. Rep. 10, (1955)
T.L. Gilbert, A phenomenological theory of damping in ferromagnetic materials. IEEE Trans. Magn. 40, 3443 (2004)
M. Oogane, T. Wakitani, S. Yakata, R. Yilgin, Y. Ando, A. Sakuma, T. Miyazaki, Magnetic damping in ferromagnetic thin films. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 45, 3889 (2006)
S. Mizukami, Y. Ando, T. Miyazaki, Effect of spin diffusion on gilbert damping for a very thin permalloy layer in cu/permalloy/cu/pt films. Phys. Rev. B 66, 104413 (2002)
M. Belmeguenai, M. Gabor, F. Zighem, N. Challab, T. Petrisor, R. Mos, C. Tiusan, Ferromagnetic-resonance-induced spin pumping in co20fe60b20/pt systems: damping investigation. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 51, 045002 (2018)
Funding
B. N. is grateful to EPSRC for the provision of a DTP studentship. A. T. H. acknowledges financial support from the Royal Society.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
BÖ, NA, and BN performed experiments, and MT, SK, BR, and ATH wrote the main manuscript text. All authors reviewed the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical Approval
Not applicable.
Conflict of Interest
The authors have no competing interests as defined by Springer, or other interests that might be perceived to influence the results and/or discussion reported in this article.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Tokaç, M., Kazan, S., Özkal, B. et al. Two Magnon Scattering Contribution to the Ferromagnetic Resonance Linewidth of Pt(Ir)/CoFeTaB/Ir(Pt) Thin Films. Appl Magn Reson 54, 1053–1064 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00723-023-01601-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00723-023-01601-3