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Dopant Spin States and Magnetic Interactions in Transition Metal (Fe3+)-Doped Semiconductor Nanoparticles: An EMR and Magnetometric Study

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Abstract

In this work, electron magnetic resonance (EMR) spectroscopy and magnetometry studies were employed to investigate the origin of the observed room-temperature ferromagnetism in chemically synthesized Sn1−x Fe x O2 powders. EMR data clearly established the presence of two different types of signals due to the incorporated Fe ions: paramagnetic spectra due to isolated Fe3+ ions and broad ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectra due to magnetically coupled Fe3+ dopant ions. EMR data analysis and simulation suggested the presence of high-spin (S = 5/2) Fe3+ ions incorporated into the SnO2 host lattice both at substitutional and at interstitial sites. The FMR signal intensity and the saturation magnetization M s of the ferromagnetic component increased with increasing Fe concentration. For Sn0.953Fe0.047O2 samples, well-defined EMR spectra revealing FMRs were observed only for samples prepared in the 350–600°C range, whereas for samples prepared at higher annealing temperatures up to 900°C, the FMRs and saturation magnetization were vanished due to diffusion and eventual expulsion of the Fe ions from the nanoparticles, in agreement with data obtained from Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

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Acknowledgments

At Boise State University, this research was supported by the National Science Foundation’s MRI grant DMR-0321051 (acquisition of the EMR spectrometer), and NSF-CAREER award DMR-0449639 (EMR studies), ARO grant W91NF-09-1-0051 (magnetic measurements), and the DoE-EPSCoR program DE-FG02-04ER46142 (materials synthesis). S.K.M. is grateful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for partial financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Boise State University, Boise, ID, 83725, USA

    A. Punnoose, K. M. Reddy, J. Hays & A. Thurber

  2. Department of Physics, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Boulevard West, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada

    S. Andronenko & S. K. Misra

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  1. A. Punnoose
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  2. K. M. Reddy
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  3. J. Hays
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  4. A. Thurber
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  5. S. Andronenko
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Correspondence to S. K. Misra.

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Punnoose, A., Reddy, K.M., Hays, J. et al. Dopant Spin States and Magnetic Interactions in Transition Metal (Fe3+)-Doped Semiconductor Nanoparticles: An EMR and Magnetometric Study. Appl Magn Reson 36, 331–345 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00723-009-0029-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00723-009-0029-z

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