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Chemical composition and evolution of tourmaline-supergroup minerals from the Sb hydrothermal veins in Rožňava area, Western Carpathians, Slovakia

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Abstract

Tourmaline-supergroup minerals are common gangue minerals in Sb-hydrothermal veins on Betliar – Straková, Čučma – Gabriela and Rožňava – Peter-Pavol vein deposits in the Rožňava area, Slovakia. Tourmaline-supergroup minerals form relatively large prismatic to radial aggregates of parallel black to greyish-black crystals. Tourmaline-supergroup minerals from Betliar – Straková and Rožňava – Peter-Pavol are almost homogeneous with intermediate schorl-dravite composition. Čučma – Gabriela tourmaline have distinct zoning with massive core of the schorlitic-to-feruvitic shifting to schorlitic-to-dravitic composition, and dravitic to magnesio-foititic rim. The tourmaline composition is influenced by two main substitutions, namely Ca(Mg,Fe)Na−1Al−1 and X□AlNa−1(Mg,Fe)−1. Betliar – Straková and Rožňava – Peter-Pavol tourmaline-supergroup minerals exhibit only small extents of the X□AlNa−1(Mg,Fe)−1 substitution. This substitution shifts the composition to magnesio-foitite in Čučma – Gabriela tourmaline. The decrease of Al in the core of Čučma – Gabriela tourmaline crystals is caused by extensive Ca(Mg,Fe)Na−1Al−1 substitution. The unit-cell dimensions of all investigated tourmaline-supergroup minerals indicate an octahedral disorder with the Z(Fe3++Mg) proportion calculated from empirical equations varying between 0.85 and 0.87 apfu (atoms per formula unit). Based on Mössbauer spectra, the ZFe3+ content varied between 0.25 apfu in Betliar – Straková tourmaline and 0.45 apfu in Čučma – Gabriela sample. Based on Fe/(Fe + Mg) ratio, Betliar – Straková tourmaline is slightly enriched in Fe compared to Rožňava – Peter-Pavol, suggesting the impact of the host-rock composition; first are grown in Fe-richer acidic metarhyolitic rocks, latter in metapelites. In Čučma – Gabriela, the variations in Fe/(Fe + Mg) are very likely reflecting the change in fluid composition. Magnesio-foitite is the product of second-stage crystallization forming rims and crack fills. The relatively low Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio suggests only minor proportion of meteoric fluids forming tourmaline.

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Acknowledgements

We thank two anonymous experts for their detailed reviews that helped us to improve the quality of the manuscript. This present research was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under contract No. APVV-0375-12 and the Ministry of Education of Slovak Republic grant agency under the contracts VEGA-1/0079/15 and VEGA-1/0499/16.

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  1. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Peter Bačík, Jakub Dikej, Jana Fridrichová & Martin Števko

  2. Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Department of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovičova 3, 812 19, Bratislava, Slovak Republic

    Marcel Miglierini

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Bačík, P., Dikej, J., Fridrichová, J. et al. Chemical composition and evolution of tourmaline-supergroup minerals from the Sb hydrothermal veins in Rožňava area, Western Carpathians, Slovakia. Miner Petrol 111, 609–624 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-017-0507-1

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