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Petrogenesis of Mesoproterozoic lamproite dykes from the Garledinne (Banganapalle) cluster, south-western Cuddapah Basin, southern India

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Abstract

We report mineral chemistry and whole-rock major and trace-element geochemistry for a recent find of Mesoproterozoic (~1.4 Ga) lamproites from the Garledinne (Banganapalle) cluster, south-western part of the Paleo-Mesoproterozoic Cuddapah Basin, southern India. The Garledinne lamproites occur as WNW–ESE-trending dykes that have undergone varying degree of pervasive silicification and carbonate alteration. Nevertheless, their overall texture and relict mineralogy remain intact and provide important insights into the nature of their magmas. The lamproite dykes have porphyritic to weakly porphyritic textures comprising pseudomorphed olivine macrocrysts and microphenocrysts, titanian phlogopite microphenocrysts, spinel having a compositional range from chromite to rarely magnesiochromite, Sr-rich apatite and niobian rutile. The Garledinne and other Cuddapah Basin lamproites (Chelima and Zangamarajupalle) collectively lack sanidine, clinopyroxene, potassic richterite, and titanite and are thus mineralogically distinct from the nearby Mesoproterozoic lamproites (Krishna and Ramadugu) in the Eastern Dharwar Craton, southern India. The strong correlation between various major and trace elements coupled with high abundances of incompatible and compatible trace elements imply that alteration and crustal contamination have had a limited effect on the whole-rock geochemistry (apart from K2O and CaO) of the Garledinne lamproites and that olivine fractionation played an important role in their evolution. The Garledinne lamproites represent small-degree partial melts derived from a refractory (previously melt extracted) peridotitic mantle source that was subsequently metasomatised (enriched) by carbonate–rich fluids/melts within the garnet stability field. The involvement of multiple reservoirs (sub-continental lithospheric mantle and asthenosphere) has been inferred in their genesis. The emplacement of the Garledinne lamproites is linked to extensional events, across the various Indian cratons, related to the break-up of the Proterozoic supercontinent of Columbia.

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Acknowledgments

It’s a great pleasure to contribute to this special issue being brought out in honor of the late Professor Rex Prider whose pioneering studies on lamproites are indeed remarkable. In-depth reviews provided by Felix Kaminsky (Vancouver) and Peter Downes (Perth) as well as editorial suggestions by Johann Raith (Leoben) are thankfully acknowledged. Financial assistance from CSIR (At, AK and NC), UGC (SS) and DST (PN) are thankfully acknowledged. NVCR thanks the Head, Dept. of Geology, BHU and AvH Foundation, Germany, for support.

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Correspondence to N. V. Chalapathi Rao.

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Editorial handling: P. Downes

Re-Revised Paper submitted on 19.5.2015 to the Mineralogy and Petrology special issue dedicated to Late Professor Rex Prider

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Rao, N.V.C., Atiullah, Kumar, A. et al. Petrogenesis of Mesoproterozoic lamproite dykes from the Garledinne (Banganapalle) cluster, south-western Cuddapah Basin, southern India. Miner Petrol 110, 247–268 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-015-0388-0

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