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Plant hormone signals regulate trehalose accumulation against osmotic stress in watermelon cells

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Abstract

Trehalose, one of the most chemically stable sugars, can effectively improve the tolerance of various plants against abiotic stress by protecting and stabilizing protein and cell membranes. However, the signaling pathway in trehalose biosynthesis triggered by abiotic stresses is still unclear. In the study, it can be shown that exogenous trehalose can alleviate the inhibitory effect of osmotic stress on cell growth, suppress extracellular alkalization, ROS burst, and maintain the integrity of the microtubular cytoskeleton. Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is the key limiting enzyme for trehalose synthesis and is encoded by 7 ClTPS genes, located in 7 different chromosomes of the watermelon genome. Expression analysis by qRT-PCR indicated that osmotic stress could upregulate the expression of all the family members of ClTPS and promote the accumulation of trehalose in watermelon cells accordingly. Exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA), ethephon (ETH), abscisic acid (ABA), or salicylic acid (SA) induced trehalose accumulation, with MeJA being the most effective treatment. When fluridone (FL), an ABA biosynthesis inhibitor, was pre-perfused into the cells before osmotic stress, trehalose accumulation and packed cell volume were suppressed significantly, whereas inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis could even restore cell growth. Moreover, inhibition of trehalose hydrolysis could also increase the tolerance against osmotic stress. This study shows that trehalose biosynthesis is phytohormone-dependent and the hydrolysis of trehalose is involved in osmotic tolerance regulation.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31760595), Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 321RC473), and Key Technologies Program of Haikou (No. 2017045). 

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  1. Fangming Zhu and Mingyan Li contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Plants of Hainan Province/Key Laboratory of Tropical Agritourism in Greenhouse of Haikou, College of Horticulture, Hainan University (HNU), Haikou, 570228, China

    Fangming Zhu, Mingyan Li, Mengli Sun & Xuefei Jiang

  2. Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture/Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, 571737, China

    Fei Qiao

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Zhu, F., Li, M., Sun, M. et al. Plant hormone signals regulate trehalose accumulation against osmotic stress in watermelon cells. Protoplasma 259, 1351–1369 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-021-01715-0

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