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Pollen development in male sterile mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) and male fertile seashore mangosteen (Garcinia celebica L.)

Protoplasma volume 256, pages 1545–1556 (2019)Cite this article

Abstract

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is an economically important tropical fruit, yet the reproductive biology of this dioecious plant is complex. Male trees are not known, and female trees have sterile anthers leading to apomixis. We hypothesized that pollen abortion in mangosteen is due to altered tapetum activity during microgametogenesis. Developmental events at the cellular and sub-cellular levels during pollen development in G. mangostana were therefore examined and compared with seashore mangosteen (G. celebica L.), a closely related species with fertile anthers. In G. mangostana, the microspore mother cell had disorganized cytoplasm, including lack of Golgi apparatus and its vesicles, as well as abnormal callose wall accumulation. Globular droplets, which resembled orbicules or Ubisch bodies, were abundant in the locule, including pre-Ubisch bodies found along the tapetal plasma membrane. The tapetum of G. mangostana underwent cell death earlier than the fertile G. celebica, and during the premature death, the mitochondria had dramatically altered shapes. Low accumulation of starch in collapsed microspore mother cells and tetrad cell remnants also suggested that altered cell metabolism is related to pollen abortion in mangosteen. The present results demonstrate the importance of coordinated development between the tapetum and microspores in pollen development and provide new insights into male sterility in mangosteen (G. mangostana).

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Abbreviations

CMS:

Cytoplasmic male sterility

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

LM:

Light microscope

MMC:

Microspore mother cell

NFDM:

Nonfat dried milk

PBS:

Phosphate buffer

PCD:

Programmed cell death

RER:

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

TBA:

Tert-butyl-ethyl alcohol series

TBST:

Tris-buffered saline with 0.1%Tween-20

TEM:

Transmission electron microscope

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Acknowledgments

The kind assistance from Sam Livingston and Miranda Meents (UBC Botany) are really appreciated.

Funding

This research was funded by the Science Achievement Scholarship of Thailand (SAST), Graduated School of Prince of Songkla University (PSU); the Overseas Thesis Research Scholarship from Graduated School (PSU), Thailand; and the Canadian Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Discovery Grant to ALS.

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand

    Pornsawan Sutthinon & Upatham Meesawat

  2. Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada

    Lacey Samuels

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  1. Pornsawan Sutthinon
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  2. Lacey Samuels
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  3. Upatham Meesawat
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Correspondence to Upatham Meesawat.

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Sutthinon, P., Samuels, L. & Meesawat, U. Pollen development in male sterile mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) and male fertile seashore mangosteen (Garcinia celebica L.). Protoplasma 256, 1545–1556 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-019-01397-9

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Keywords

  • G. celebica
  • G. mangostana
  • Mangosteen
  • Male sterility
  • Pollen abortion
  • Tapetum