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β-1,3-Glucans are components of brown seaweed (Phaeophyceae) cell walls

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Abstract

LAMP is a cell wall-directed monoclonal antibody (mAb) that recognizes a β-(1,3)-glucan epitope. It has primarily been used in the immunolocalization of callose in vascular plant cell wall research. It was generated against a brown seaweed storage polysaccharide, laminarin, although it has not often been applied in algal research. We conducted in vitro (glycome profiling of cell wall extracts) and in situ (immunolabeling of sections) studies on the brown seaweeds Fucus vesiculosus (Fucales) and Laminaria digitata (Laminariales). Although glycome profiling did not give a positive signal with the LAMP mAb, this antibody clearly detected the presence of the β-(1,3)-glucan in situ, showing that this epitope is a constituent of these brown algal cell walls. In F. vesiculosus, the β-(1,3)-glucan epitope was present throughout the cell walls in all thallus parts; in L. digitata, the epitope was restricted to the sieve plates of the conductive elements. The sieve plate walls also stained with aniline blue, a fluorochrome used as a probe for callose. Enzymatic digestion with an endo-β-(1,3)-glucanase removed the ability of the LAMP mAb to label the cell walls. Thus, β-(1,3)-glucans are structural polysaccharides of F. vesiculosus cell walls and are integral components of the sieve plates in these brown seaweeds, reminiscent of plant callose.

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Abbreviations

AIR:

Alcohol insoluble residue

CCRC:

Complex Carbohydrate Research Center

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

FCSPs:

Fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides

Fuc:

Fucose

Gal:

Galactose

Glc:

Glucose

GulA:

Guluronic acid

KPBS:

Potassium phosphate buffered saline

mAb:

Monoclonal antibody

Man:

Mannose

ManA:

Mannuronic acid

PBST:

Phosphate buffered saline tween

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

TMB:

3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine

Xyl:

Xylose

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Acknowledgments

The authors thankfully acknowledge the technical support provided by Professor David Domozych (Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College) with the TEM and by Dr. Kerry Thompson (Center for Microscopy and Imaging, NUI Galway) with the aniline blue imaging. The authors thank Prof. Azeddine Driouich (Center for Plant Glycobiology, Université de Rouen, France) and Dr. Maria Tuohy (Biochemistry, NUI Galway) for helpful comments during the preparation of this manuscript. The financial support was provided by the Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) (Research Frontiers Programme, grant 11/RFP/EOB/3345 awarded to Z.A.P). The generation of the CCRC series of mAbs was supported by the US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program (Awards DBI-0421683 and IOB-0923992 to M.G.H.).

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  1. Sandra Cristina Raimundo

    Present address: Biology Department, and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botany and Plant Science and Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland

    Sandra Cristina Raimundo & Zoë A. Popper

  2. Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Sandra Cristina Raimundo, Sivakumar Pattathil, Stefan Eberhard & Michael G. Hahn

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Raimundo, S.C., Pattathil, S., Eberhard, S. et al. β-1,3-Glucans are components of brown seaweed (Phaeophyceae) cell walls. Protoplasma 254, 997–1016 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-016-1007-6

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