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Early and late plastid development in response to chill stress and heat stress in wheat seedlings

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Abstract

Five-day-old etiolated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings were transferred to 7°C (chill stress), 25°C (control), and 42°C (heat stress) and were kept in the dark or light for different time periods. Plastids were isolated from the control and stressed seedlings, and their low-temperature (77 K) fluorescence emission spectra were monitored. Most of the Protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) present in heat-stressed etiolated seedlings were in nonphototransformable form. The phototransformable Pchlide (F657) rapidly decreased when 5-day-old etiolated seedlings were transferred to 42°C in the dark for 24 h. A flash illumination of 0.2 s given to etiolated heat-stressed seedlings resulted in substantial arrest of Shibata shift, while in chill-stress conditions, it was only partially affected. In high temperature, due to disaggregation of polymeric Pchlide–Pchlide oxidoreductase (POR)–nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) molecules, the conversion of nonphototransformable Pchlide to its phototransformable form is substantially delayed resulting in impaired Shibata shift and belated development of the core antenna CP47 Photosystem II (PSII). Chill stress, however, did not disaggregate the polymeric Pchlide–POR–NADPH molecule-suppressed Pchlide and Chl synthesis and impaired of the assembly of PSII core antenna CP47 that emits F695 and PSI that emits F735. The decreased gene/protein expression and reduced posttranslational import of plastidic proteins, importantly POR in temperature-stressed plants, may be responsible for the delay in conversion of nonphototransformable to phototransformable form of Pchlide and plastid biogenesis.

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Abbreviations

ALA:

5-Aminolevulinic acid

Chl:

Chlorophyll

Chlide:

Chlorophyllide

NADPH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Pchlide:

Protochlorophyllide

POR:

Protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by a grant from the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India (DST/IS-STAC/CO2-SR-34/07) to B.C.T.

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  1. Sasmita Mohanty

    Present address: School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India

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  1. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110 067, India

    Sasmita Mohanty & Baishnab C. Tripathy

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Correspondence to Baishnab C. Tripathy.

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Handling Editor: Bhumi Nath Tripathi

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Mohanty, S., Tripathy, B.C. Early and late plastid development in response to chill stress and heat stress in wheat seedlings. Protoplasma 248, 725–736 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-010-0235-4

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