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Partitioning of casein kinase 1-like 6 to late endosome-like vesicles

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Abstract

Members of the casein kinase 1 family are highly conserved protein Ser/Thr kinases found in all eukaryotes. They are involved in various cellular, physiological, and developmental processes, but the role of this family of kinase in plants is not well known. By localization studies employing fluorescent live cell imaging and biochemical membrane fractionation, here we showed that Arabidopsis casein kinase-like 6 (CKL6) localizes to motile vesicle-like structures that cofractionate with prevacuolar markers. They were found both in the cytoplasm and at the cell periphery and were motile within the cell. Apparently, this motility was dependent on actin filaments and CKL6-positive vesicles partially colocalized with a late endosomal compartment. However, CKL6-positive structures were not sensitive to brefeldin A nor wortmannin treatment, suggesting that they may belong to a novel compartment. Association of CKL6-positive structures with the cell periphery at the cellular junctions was detected after separation of the protoplasts by plasmolysis. Collectively, these data led us to propose that CKL6 is associated with late endosomal-like compartments that are not fully characterized and may play a role in cellular processes important for regulating components in membrane trafficking.

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Abbreviations

BFA:

Brefeldin A

CK1:

Casein kinase 1

CKL6:

Casein kinase 1-like 6

GFP:

Green fluorescent protein

PAPK1:

Plasmodesmal-associated protein kinase

RFP:

Red fluorescent protein

TMV MP:

Tobacco mosaic virus movement protein

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to our colleagues who generously provided us with important materials. These include Liwen Jiang for Arabidopsis suspension culture, Chris Hawes and Petra Boevink for Golgi markers, Jeff Harper for various markers including that for peroxisome, Chris Staiger and David McCurdy for GFP/fABD2 seeds, Ueda Takashi for Ara 6 and 7, Eric Nielsen for anti-RabA4b antibodies, David Robinson for anti-SYP 51 and anti-Sec21 antibodies, Karl Oparka for GRV2/YFP seeds, and Chris Somerville for anti-GRV2 antibodies. Special thanks go to Kirk Czymmek for helpful comments and proofreading the manuscript and Debbie Powel for the technical assistance in bioimaging. This work was supported by grants from NSF (MCB 0445626) and NIH (P20 RR15588) awarded to J.-Y. Lee.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Author notes

  1. Gili Ben-Nissan

    Present address: Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19711, USA

    Gili Ben-Nissan, Yaodong Yang & Jung-Youn Lee

Authors
  1. Gili Ben-Nissan
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  2. Yaodong Yang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jung-Youn Lee.

Electronic supplementary material

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Supplementary movie 1

A time-lapse movie of leaf cells of 3-week-old plants, stably expressing CKL6:RFP, 30 minutes after the application of 50 μM latrunculin B. (AVI 77779 kb)

Supplementary movie 2

A time-lapse movie of leaf cells of 3-week-old plants, stably expressing ST:GFP, 30 minutes after the application of 50 μM latrunculin B. (AVI 124223 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 1

Confocal images of optical z-section series through cross wall junctions of plasmolyzed cells that express a Golgi marker, ST-GFP. ST:GFP-labeled Golgi bodies were almost exclusively found in the cytoplasm of plasmolyzed cells. Merged images of green and transmitted light channels were taken at 1 micron intervals. (JPG 295 KB)

High resolution image file (TIFF 15.5 MB)

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Ben-Nissan, G., Yang, Y. & Lee, JY. Partitioning of casein kinase 1-like 6 to late endosome-like vesicles. Protoplasma 240, 45–56 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-009-0087-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-009-0087-y

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