Skip to main content
Log in

Developmental anatomy of cotyledons and leaves in has mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana

  • Published:
Protoplasma Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary.

In this work, we analyzed the developmental anatomy of cotyledons and leaves in the has mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana. It is a recessive T-DNA insertion mutation that causes changes in the size, shape, and tissue organization of the cotyledons and leaves of has plants. Analysis of has cotyledons revealed a prominent decrease in the cell number and an increase in the area of cotyledon cells and intercellular spaces of has plants. At early stages of development, has leaves are fingerlike structures, but later they develop small, lobed blades with rare trichomes. An important characteristic of the mutant leaf anatomy is the absence of mesophyll tissue differentiation. In addition, both cotyledons and leaves display a disrupted pattern of vascular bundles. Furthermore, mutant plants are defective in root and shoot morphology, indicating that the has mutation affects a number of aspects in plant development.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • KM Barton SR Poethig (1993) ArticleTitleFormation of the shoot apical meristem in Arabidopsis thaliana: an analysis of development in the wild type and in the shoot meristemless mutant Development 119 823–831

    Google Scholar 

  • N Bechtold J Ellis G Pelletier (1993) ArticleTitleIn planta Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer by infiltration of adult Arabidopsis thaliana plants CR Acad Sci Life Sci 316 1194–1199 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXks12hsg%3D%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D Bouchez C Camilleri M Caboche (1993) ArticleTitleA binary vector based on Basta resistance for in planta transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana CR Acad Sci Life Sci 316 1188–1193 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXks12iuw%3D%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FM Carland NA McHale (1996) ArticleTitle LOP1: a gene involved in auxin transport and vascular patterning in Arabidopsis Development 122 1811–1819 Occurrence Handle8674420 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XjvVeqtLw%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FM Carland BL Berg JN FitzGerald S Jinamornphongs T Nelson B Keith (1999) ArticleTitleGenetic regulation of vascular tissue patterning Plant Cell 11 2123–2137 Occurrence Handle10559439 Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.11.11.2123 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXnsl2rsLw%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • G Chuck C Lincoln S Hake (1996) ArticleTitle KNAT1 induces lobed leaves with ectopic meristems when overexpressed in Arabidopsis Plant Cell 8 1277–1289 Occurrence Handle8776897 Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.8.8.1277 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XltlKjtr0%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • JE Dale (1988) ArticleTitleThe control of leaf expansion Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 39 267–295 Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.pp.39.060188.001411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MK Deyholos G Cordner D Beebe LE Sieburth (2000) ArticleTitleThe SCARFACE gene is required for cotyledon and leaf vein patterning Development 127 3205–3213 Occurrence Handle10887077 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmtFyht70%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MA Estelle CR Somerville (1987) ArticleTitleAuxin-resistant mutants of Arabidopsis with an altered morphology Mol Gen Genet 206 200–206 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00333575 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXhsFeht7c%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • JL Gallois C Woodward GV Reddy R Sablowski (2002) ArticleTitleCombined SHOOT MERISTEMLESS and WUSCHEL trigger ectopic organogenesis in Arabidopsis Development 129 3207–3217 Occurrence Handle12070095 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XlsFGht7w%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • EO Guerrant SuffixJr (1982) ArticleTitleNeotenic evolution of Delphinium nudicaule (Ranunculaceae): a hummingbird-pollinated larkspur Evolution 36 699–712 Occurrence Handle10.2307/2407883

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A Hemerly J de A Engler C Bergounioux M Van Montagu G Engler D Inzé P Ferreira (1995) ArticleTitleDominant negative mutants of the Cdc2 kinase uncouple cell division from iterative plant development EMBO J 14 3925–3936 Occurrence Handle7664733 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXnvVeksbs%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • L Hobbie M McGovern LR Hurwitz A Pierro NY Liu A Bandyopadhyay M Estelle (2000) ArticleTitleThe axr6 mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana define a gene involved in auxin response and early development Development 127 23–32 Occurrence Handle10654597 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXpvFGrtA%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Y Hou AG von Arnim X-W Deng (1993) ArticleTitleA new class of Arabidopsis constitutive photomorphogenic genes involved in regulating cotyledon development Plant Cell 5 329–339 Occurrence Handle12271066 Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.5.3.329 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXitlSgtrs%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D Janošević S Budimir (2006) ArticleTitleShoot apical meristem structure and STM expression in has mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana Biol Plant 50 193–197 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s10535-006-0006-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • AM Jones K-H Im MA Savka M-J Wu NG DeWitt R Shillito AN Binns (1998) ArticleTitleAuxin-dependent cell expansion mediated by overexpressed Auxin-Binding Protein 1 Science 282 1114–1117 Occurrence Handle9804548 Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.282.5391.1114 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXntlejs74%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DR Kaplan TJ Cooke (1997) ArticleTitleFundamental concepts in the embryogenesis of dicotyledons: a morphological interpretation of embryo mutants Plant Cell 9 1903–1919 Occurrence Handle12237352 Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.9.11.1903 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXnsl2mtr4%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • K Koizumi M Sugiyama H Fukuda (2000) ArticleTitleA series of novel mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana that are defective in the formation of continuous vascular network: calling the auxin signal flow canalization hypothesis into question Development 127 3197–3204 Occurrence Handle10887076 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmtFyht7w%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C Lincoln JH Britton M Estelle (1990) ArticleTitleGrowth and development of the axr1 mutants of Arabidopsis Plant Cell 2 1071–1080 Occurrence Handle1983791 Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.2.11.1071 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXhtFylsLc%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C Lincoln J Long J Yamaguchi K Serikawa S Hake (1994) ArticleTitleA knotted1-like homeobox gene in Arabidopsis is expressed in the vegetative meristem and dramatically alters leaf morphology when overexpressed in transgenic plants Plant Cell 6 1859–1876 Occurrence Handle7866029 Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.6.12.1859 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXivVWktLs%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J Mattsson ZR Sung T Berleth (1999) ArticleTitleResponses of plant vascular systems to auxin transport inhibition Development 126 2979–2991 Occurrence Handle10357941 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXkvFantLY%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • JR McConnell MK Barton (1998) ArticleTitleLeaf polarity and meristem formation in Arabidopsis Development 125 2935–2942 Occurrence Handle9655815 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXls1Snu7w%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T Murashige F Skoog (1962) ArticleTitleA revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures Physiol Plant 15 473–497 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaF3sXksFKm

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • N Ori Y Eshed G Chuck JL Bowman S Hake (2000) ArticleTitleMechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot Development 127 5523–5532 Occurrence Handle11076771 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXltFWkug%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • RS Poethig IM Sussex (1985) ArticleTitleThe developmental morphology and growth dynamics of the tobacco leaf Planta 165 158–169 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00395038

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L Reiser P Sanchez-Baracaldo S Hake (2000) ArticleTitleKnots in the family tree: evolutionary relationships and functions of knox homeobox genes Plant Mol Biol 42 151–166 Occurrence Handle10688134 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1006384122567 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXht1Grsrw%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • E Semiarti Y Ueno H Tsukaya H Iwakawa C Machida Y Machida (2001) ArticleTitleThe ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves Development 128 1771–1783 Occurrence Handle11311158 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXktFyjt7c%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • LE Sieburth (1999) ArticleTitleAuxin is required for leaf vein pattern in Arabidopsis Plant Physiol 121 1179–1190 Occurrence Handle10594105 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.121.4.1179 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXotFyju7k%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • CC Timpte AK Wilson M Estelle (1992) ArticleTitleEffects of the axr2 mutation of Arabidopsis on cell shape in hypocotyl and inflorescence Planta 188 271–278 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00216824 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38XlvVygsbc%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T Tsuge H Tsukaya H Uchimiya (1996) ArticleTitleTwo independent and polarized processes of cell elongation regulate leaf blade expansion in Arabidopsis thaliana(L.) Heynh Development 122 1589–1600 Occurrence Handle8625845 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xjt1Gis7Y%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • H Tsukaya (1995) ArticleTitleDevelopmental genetics of leaf morphogenesis in dicotyledonous plants J Plant Res 108 407–416 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF02344229

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • H Tsukaya (2002) ArticleTitleInterpretation of mutants in leaf morphology: genetic evidence for a compensatory system in leaf morphogenesis that provides a new link between cell and organismal theories Int Rev Cytol 217 1–39 Occurrence Handle12019561 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XlsVaru7c%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • H Tsukaya (2003) ArticleTitleOrgan shape and size: a lesson from studies of leaf morphogenesis Curr Opin Plant Biol 6 57–62 Occurrence Handle12495752 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1369526602000055

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • H Tsukaya S Naito GP Redei Y Komeda (1993) ArticleTitleA new class of mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana, acaulis1, affecting the development of both inflorescences and leaves Development 118 751–764 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXhtVahtbk%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • H Tsukaya T Tsuge H Uchimiya (1994) ArticleTitleThe cotyledon: a superior system for studies of leaf development Planta 195 309–312 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00199692 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXisFOhs7c%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to D. Janošević.

Additional information

Correspondence and reprints: Institute of Botany and “Jevremovac” Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biology, Belgrade University, Takovska 43, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Janošević, D., Uzelac, B., Stojičić, D. et al. Developmental anatomy of cotyledons and leaves in has mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana . Protoplasma 231, 7–13 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-007-0246-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-007-0246-y

Navigation