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Fungal hypaphorine reduces growth and induces cytosolic calcium increase in root hairs of Eucalyptus globulus

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Summary.

Root hairs are tubular cells resulting from a tip-localized growth in which calcium ions play a key role. Hypaphorine, an indole alkaloid secreted by the fungus Pisolithus microcarpus during the formation of ectomycorrhizae with the host plant Eucalyptus globulus, inhibits root hair tip growth. Hypaphorine-induced inhibition is linked to a transient depolarization of the plasma membrane and a reorganization of the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. Here we investigated the activity of hypaphorine on calcium distribution in E. globulus root hairs with the ratiometric fluorochrome calcium indicator Indo-1. In 85% of actively growing root hairs, a significant but modest calcium gradient between the apex and the base was observed due to an elevated cytoplasmic calcium concentration at the apical tip. Following exposure to 1 mM hypaphorine, the apical and basal cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration increased in 70 and 77% of the hairs, respectively, 10 min after treatment. This led to a reduced calcium gradient in 81% of the cells. The hypothetical links between calcium concentration elevation, regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics, and root hair growth inhibition in response to hypaphorine treatment are discussed.

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Abbreviations

[Ca2+]c :

cytoplasmic calcium concentration

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unité Mixte de Recherche 1136 Interactions Arbres–Microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Henri Poincaré, Vandoeuvre

    A. Dauphin, J. Gérard & V. Legué

  2. Unité Mixte de Recherche 1136 Interactions Arbres–Microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Champenoux

    F. Lapeyrie

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  1. A. Dauphin
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  2. J. Gérard
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  3. F. Lapeyrie
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  4. V. Legué
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Correspondence to V. Legué.

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Correspondence and reprints: UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres–Microorganismes, Faculté des Sciences, Université Nancy I, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France.

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Dauphin, A., Gérard, J., Lapeyrie, F. et al. Fungal hypaphorine reduces growth and induces cytosolic calcium increase in root hairs of Eucalyptus globulus . Protoplasma 231, 83–88 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-006-0240-9

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