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Experimental determination of lead carbonate solubility at high ionic strengths: a Pitzer model description

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Abstract

In this study, solubility measurements of lead carbonate, PbCO3(cr), cerussite, as a function of total ionic strengths are conducted in the mixtures of NaCl and NaHCO3 up to I = 1.2 mol kg−1 and in the mixtures of NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 up to I = 5.2 mol kg−1, at room temperature (22.5 ± 0.5 °C). The solubility constant (log K os ) for cerussite was determined as −13.76 ± 0.15 (2σ) with a set of Pitzer parameters describing the specific interactions of PbCO3(aq), \( {\text{Pb}}\left( {{\text{CO}}_{ 3} } \right)_{2}^{2 - } \), and Pb(CO3)Cl− with the bulk-supporting electrolytes, based on the Pitzer model. The model developed in this work can reproduce the experimental results including model-independent solubility values from the literature over a wide range of ionic strengths with satisfactory accuracy. The model is expected to find applications in numerous fields, including the accurate description of chemical behavior of lead in geological repositories, the modeling of formation of oxidized Pb–Zn ore deposits, and the environmental remediation of lead contamination.

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Acknowledgments

This research is funded by WIPP programs administered by the Office of Environmental Management (EM) of the U.S Department of Energy. The author is grateful to Leslie Kirkes and Terry Westfall for their major efforts in the data acquisition. The laboratory assistance from Diana Goulding, Brittany Hoard, Cassandra Marrs, Rachael Roselle, Tana Saul, and Kira Vicent is gratefully acknowledged. The author wishes to express his gratitude to two journal reviewers for their insightful and thorough reviews, and to Dr. Heinz Gamsjäger, the Associate Editor, for his editorial efforts.

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  1. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Carlsbad Programs Group, 4100 National Parks Highway, Carlsbad, NM, 88220, USA

    Yongliang Xiong

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  1. Yongliang Xiong
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Correspondence to Yongliang Xiong.

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Xiong, Y. Experimental determination of lead carbonate solubility at high ionic strengths: a Pitzer model description. Monatsh Chem 146, 1433–1443 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-015-1483-y

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