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Vitamin B1 as a metal-ion-free natural catalyst for sustainable quinoxaline ring condensation under sonochemical conditions

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Abstract

The role of vitamin B1 as a catalyst is investigated for the quinoxaline ring condensation under various mild reaction conditions. The results revealed that the combination of vitamin B1 and ultrasonic irradiation promotes the reaction more efficiently. The salient features of this environmentally benign method are fast conversions, excellent yields for a wide range of substrates, and the use of a low-cost, readily available, nontoxic, and metal-ion-free natural catalyst. The wide range of turnover frequency values (6–400 h−1) shows that the reaction rate is highly dependent on the nature of the functional groups on the aromatic ring of substrates. Moreover, a plausible mechanism for the catalytic action of vitamin B1 has been introduced.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Pajoohesh Blvd., km 17 Karaj Hwy, 14968-13151, Tehran, Iran

    Kioumars Aghapoor, Farshid Mohsenzadeh, Shiva Talebian, Mohammad Jafar Tehrani, Yadollah Balavar, Golriz Khanalizadeh & Hossein Reza Darabi

Authors
  1. Kioumars Aghapoor
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  2. Farshid Mohsenzadeh
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  3. Shiva Talebian
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  4. Mohammad Jafar Tehrani
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  5. Yadollah Balavar
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  6. Golriz Khanalizadeh
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  7. Hossein Reza Darabi
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Correspondence to Hossein Reza Darabi.

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Aghapoor, K., Mohsenzadeh, F., Talebian, S. et al. Vitamin B1 as a metal-ion-free natural catalyst for sustainable quinoxaline ring condensation under sonochemical conditions. Monatsh Chem 142, 619–624 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-011-0487-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-011-0487-5

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