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Long-term structural surface modifications of mixed conducting La2NiO4+δ at high temperatures

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Abstract

Abstract

Long-term annealing of La2NiO4+δ single crystals at 1,273 K in air leads to the formation of nickel-rich Ruddlesden–Popper phases at the single-crystal surfaces. Both the composition and the morphology of these phases depend on the surface orientation; whereas only crystallites of La4Ni3O10−δ were observed on (001) surfaces, both La3Ni2O7−δ and La4Ni3O10−δ were formed on (100) surfaces. The formation of the nickel-rich RP phases is believed to be due to surface segregation of nickel or evaporation of a volatile lanthanum species. The crystallographic (001) planes inside the La3Ni2O7−δ and La4Ni3O10−δ crystallites were found to be oriented in the direction of preferential crystallite growth, which indicates that the diffusion of lanthanum and nickel cations is faster along the crystallographic (001) planes than perpendicular to these planes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for financial support from the Helmholtz Foundation within the HGF research alliance “MEM-Brain.” We thank Mr. F. Dorn for performing the TEM investigations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany

    Nicolas Gauquelin & Michael Schroeder

  2. Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany

    Thomas E. Weirich

  3. University of Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6226, Rennes, France

    Monica Ceretti & Werner Paulus

Authors
  1. Nicolas Gauquelin
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  2. Thomas E. Weirich
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  3. Monica Ceretti
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  4. Werner Paulus
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  5. Michael Schroeder
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael Schroeder.

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Gauquelin, N., Weirich, T.E., Ceretti, M. et al. Long-term structural surface modifications of mixed conducting La2NiO4+δ at high temperatures. Monatsh Chem 140, 1095–1102 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-009-0146-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-009-0146-2

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