Summary.
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions with imidazole of haloarenes having strongly electron-withdrawing groups were studied under ultrasonic and microwave irradiations. The course of the SNAr reactions was found to be strongly dependent on the electron-withdrawing properties of the substituents as well as on the leaving ability of the halogen atom. Microwave irradiation allowed to shorten the reaction time and to increase the yields compared with ultrasonic irradiation.
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Mečiarová, M., Podlesná, J. & Toma, Š. Study of SNAr Reactions of Halobenzenes with Imidazole under Ultrasonic and Microwave Irradiation. Monatshefte für Chemie 135, 419–423 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-003-0141-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-003-0141-y