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Construction of and evaluation of the immune response to two recombinant pseudorabies viruses expressing the B119L and EP364R proteins of African swine fever virus

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Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease caused by ASF virus (ASFV), which is characterized by high infectivity, rapid onset of disease, and a high mortality rate. Outbreaks of ASFV have caused great economic losses to the global pig industry, and there is a need to develop safe and effective vaccines. In this study, two recombinant pseudorabies virus (PRV) strains, rGXGG-2016-ΔgI/ΔgE-EP364R and rGXGG-2016-ΔgI/ΔgE-B119L, expressing the EP364R and B119L protein, respectively, of ASFV, were constructed by homologous recombination technology. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis showed that these foreign proteins were expressed in cells infected with the recombinant strains. The strains showed good genetic stability and proliferative characteristics for 20 passages in BHK-21 cells. Both of these strains were immunogenic in mice, inducing the production of specific antibodies against the expressed ASFV proteins while providing protection against lethal challenge with PRV. Thus, the recombinant strains rGXGG-2016-ΔgI/ΔgE-EP364R and rGXGG-2016-ΔgI/ΔgE-B119L could be used as candidate vaccines for both ASFV and PRV. In addition, our study identifies two potential target genes for the development of safe and efficient ASFV vaccines, provides a reference for the construction of bivalent ASFV and PRV vaccines, and demonstrates the feasibility of developing a live ASFV vector vaccine.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. Dev Sooranna, Imperial College London, for editing the English text of a draft of this manuscript.

Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32260875).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China

    Xin-Mei Geng, Ying-Mu Xi, Xiang-Mei Huang, Yang-Lin Wang, Xu-Ying Wang, Kang Ouyang, Ying Chen, Zu-Zhang Wei, Yi-Feng Qin & Wei-Jian Huang

  2. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, 530004, China

    Xin-Mei Geng, Ying-Mu Xi, Xiang-Mei Huang, Yang-Lin Wang, Xu-Ying Wang, Kang Ouyang, Ying Chen, Zu-Zhang Wei, Yi-Feng Qin & Wei-Jian Huang

  3. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530004, China

    Xin-Mei Geng, Ying-Mu Xi, Xiang-Mei Huang, Yang-Lin Wang, Xu-Ying Wang, Kang Ouyang, Ying Chen, Zu-Zhang Wei, Yi-Feng Qin & Wei-Jian Huang

  4. Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning, 530004, China

    Xin-Mei Geng, Ying-Mu Xi, Xiang-Mei Huang, Yang-Lin Wang, Xu-Ying Wang, Kang Ouyang, Ying Chen, Zu-Zhang Wei, Yi-Feng Qin & Wei-Jian Huang

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Contributions

Xin-Mei Geng performed the experiments and wrote the manuscript. Ying-Mu Xi and Xiang-Mei Huang supervised data collection and analysis. Yang-Lin Wang and Xu-Ying Wang were responsible for sample collection. Kang Ouyang, Ying Chen, and Zuzhang Wei checked and finalized the manuscript. Yi-feng Qin and Wei-jian Huang initiated the study, designed the experiments, and supplied the manuscript. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.

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Correspondence to Yi-Feng Qin or Wei-Jian Huang.

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Geng, XM., Xi, YM., Huang, XM. et al. Construction of and evaluation of the immune response to two recombinant pseudorabies viruses expressing the B119L and EP364R proteins of African swine fever virus. Arch Virol 169, 22 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-023-05935-y

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