Abstract
A putative new polerovirus, named “chrysanthemum virus D” (ChVD), was detected in a Chrysanthemum morifolium plant in South Korea. The virus was identified by high-throughput sequencing and confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The entire ChVD genome is composed of 5,963 nucleotides and contains seven open reading frames (ORF0-5 and ORF3a), which are arranged similarly to those of other poleroviruses. These ORFs encode the putative proteins P0-5 and P3a, respectively. Pairwise amino acid sequence comparisons showed that the ChVD P0-5 and P3a proteins have 30.45–75% sequence identity to the corresponding proteins of other members of the genus Polerovirus. Since one of the species demarcation criteria for the genus Polerovirus is > 10% difference in the amino acid sequence of any gene product, the sequence comparisons indicate that ChVD represents a new species in this genus. Phylogenetic analysis of the P1-P2 and P3 amino acid sequences further indicate that ChVD is a novel polerovirus.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
All data included in this study are available upon request by contact with the corresponding author.
References
Luyen BTT, Tai BH, Thao NP, Cha JY, Lee HY, Lee YM, Kim YH (2015) Anti-inflammatory components of Chrysanthemum indicum flowers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 25(2):266–269
Walker PJ, Siddell SG, Lefkowitz EJ et al (2021) Changes to virus taxonomy and to the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Arch Virol 166:2633–2648
Sõmera M, Fargette D, Hebrard E, Sarmiento C, the ICTV Report Consortium (2021) ICTV virus taxonomy profile: solemoviridae. J Gen Virol 102(12):001707
Mayo MA, Ziegler-Graff V (1996) Molecular biology of luteoviruses. Adv Virus Res 46:413–460
Delfosse VC, Barrios-Barón MP, Distéfano AJ (2021) What we know about poleroviruses: advances in understanding the functions of polerovirus proteins. Plant Pathol 70(5):1047–1061
Cornish PV, Hennig M, Giedroc DP (2005) A loop 2 cytidine-stem 1 minor groove interaction as a positive determinant for pseudoknot-stimulated—1 ribosomal frameshifting. Proc Natl Acad Sci 102(36):12694–12699
Smirnova E, Firth AE, Miller WA, Scheidecker D, Brault V, Reinbold C, Rakotondrafara AM, Chung BYW, Ziegler-Graff V (2015) Discovery of a small non-AUG-initiated ORF in poleroviruses and luteoviruses that is required for long-distance movement. PLoS Pathog 11(5):e1004868
Igori D, Lim S, Kim SE, Shin AY, Kwon SY, Moon JS (2022) Complete nucleotide sequence of hemisteptia virus A, a polero-like virus. Adv Virol 167(12):2767–2770
Tamura K, Stecher G, Kumar S (2021) MEGA11: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 11. Mol Biol Evol 38(7):3022–3027
Mangwende T, Wang ML, Borth W, Hu J, Moore PH, Mirkov TE, Albert HH (2009) The P0 gene of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus encodes an RNA silencing suppressor with unique activities. Virology 384:38–50
Theis C, Reeder J, Giegerich R (2008) KnotInFrame: prediction of -1 ribosomal frameshift events. Nucleic Acids Res 36:6013–6020
Brault V, van den Heuvel JF, Verbeek M, Ziegler-Graff V, Reutenauer A, Herrbach E, Garaud JC, Guilley H, Richards K, Jonard G (1995) Aphid transmission of beet western yellows luteovirus requires the minor capsid read-through protein P74. EMBO J 14:650–659
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by IPET (Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) and by the Crop Viruses and Pests Response Industry Technology Development Program (321104-3), funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Republic of Korea. We thank Steven M. Thompson from Edanz (www.edanz.com/ac) for editing a draft of this manuscript.
Funding
This study was funded by the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (IPET); through the Crop Viruses and Pests Response Industry Technology Development Program (321104-3), funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Republic of Korea. Also, we thank Steven M. Thompson from Edanz (www.edanz.com/ac) for editing a draft of this manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
None.
Ethical approval
This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.
Additional information
Handling Editor: Ralf Georg Dietzgen.
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Igori, D., Kim, S.E., Kwon, J.A. et al. Complete nucleotide sequence of chrysanthemum virus D, a polero-like virus. Arch Virol 169, 28 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-023-05924-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-023-05924-1