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Phylogenotyping of infectious bursal disease virus in Vietnam according to the newly unified genotypic classification scheme

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Abstract

Since 1987, infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) has circulated and evolved in Vietnam, but little is known about the genotypes present. IBDV samples were collected in 1987, 2001-2006, 2008, 2011, 2015-2019, and 2021 in 18 provinces. We conducted phylogenotyping analysis based on an alignment of 143 VP2-HVR (hypervariable region) sequences from 64 Vietnamese isolates (26 previous and 38 additional sequences and two vaccines, and alignment of 82 VP1 B-marker sequences, including one vaccine and four Vietnamese field strains. The analysis identified three A-genotypes, A1, A3, and A7, and two B-genotypes, B1 and B3, among the Vietnamese IBDV isolates. The lowest average evolutionary distance (8.6%) was seen between the A1 and A3 genotypes, and the highest (21.7%) was between A5 and A7, while there was a distance of 14% between B1 and B3 and 17% between B3 and B2. Unique signature residues were observed for genotypes A2, A3, A5, A6, and A8, which could be used for genotypic discrimination. A timeline statistical summary revealed that the A3-genotype predominated (79.8% presence) in Vietnam from 1987 to 2021 and that it remained the dominant IBDV genotype over the last five years (2016–2021). The current study contributes to a better understanding of the circulating genotypes and evolution of IBDV in Vietnam and worldwide.

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Genomic and sequence data presented in this paper are publicly available via GenBank and provided in supplemental files.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number 106.02-2020.03 (PI: Xuyen Thi Kim Le). We express our thanks to colleagues for their kind provision of the field materials used in this study.

Funding

This research was funded by the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number 106.02-2020.03.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Immunology Department, Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18. Hoang Quoc Viet Rd, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Xuyen Thi Kim Le, Roan Thi Do, Huong Thi Thanh Doan, Khue Thi Nguyen, Linh Thi Khanh Pham & Thanh Hoa Le

  2. Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18. Hoang Quoc Viet Rd, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Xuyen Thi Kim Le, Roan Thi Do, Huong Thi Thanh Doan, Khue Thi Nguyen, Linh Thi Khanh Pham & Thanh Hoa Le

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Contributions

XTKL supervised the laboratory work and analyzed the datasets for the manuscript draft. RTD, HTTD, KTN, and LTKP collected, processed, and performed experiments and sequence analysis. THL finalized the datasets, tables, and figures and wrote, revised, completed, and approved the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Thanh Hoa Le.

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Le, X.T.K., Do, R.T., Doan, H.T.T. et al. Phylogenotyping of infectious bursal disease virus in Vietnam according to the newly unified genotypic classification scheme. Arch Virol 168, 201 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-023-05830-6

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