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Inhibitory activity and mechanism of silver nanoparticles against herpes simplex virus type 1

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A Correction to this article was published on 08 August 2022

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Abstract

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a common pathogen that infects 50–90% of the world’s population and causes a variety of diseases, some of which can be life-threatening. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been shown to have broad-spectrum antiviral activity. In this study, we investigated the activity of AgNPs against HSV-1 and found that AgNPs effectively inhibited plaque formation and HSV-1 progeny production, reduced the genomic load, and interfered with HSV-1 mRNA expression and protein synthesis. Transmission electron microscopy showed that AgNPs interacted with HSV-1 and altered the shape of the viral particles. Furthermore, AgNPs affected the entry of HSV-1 into cells as well as their release and cell-to-cell spread. AgNPs were also found to downregulate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon HSV-1 infection. Combined treatment with AgNPs and acyclovir (ACV) confirmed that AgNPs significantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of ACV against HSV-1. Our findings may contribute to an understanding of the mechanism of the antiviral effect of AgNPs against HSV-1 and help to provide a theoretical basis for their clinical application.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Major Research Plan in the field of Social Development of the Hunan Province (2020SK3024).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China

    Xuanhe Pan

  2. Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172, Tongzipo road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China

    Xuanhe Pan, Yiming Zhao, Siqi Yao & Liyu Chen

  3. Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

    Yapeng Zhang

  4. Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China

    Chaxiang Guan

  5. Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, No. 283, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China

    Linqian Wang

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  1. Xuanhe Pan
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  7. Liyu Chen
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Contributions

LC and LW developed the research hypothesis and designed the experiments. XP performed the main experiments and wrote the main manuscript. YZ, SY, and YZ carried out literature search, data acquisition and manuscript editing. CX provided assistance for data acquisition, data analysis, and statistical analysis. All authors contributed to drafting and revising the article, gave final approval of the version to be published, and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

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Correspondence to Linqian Wang or Liyu Chen.

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Pan, X., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. et al. Inhibitory activity and mechanism of silver nanoparticles against herpes simplex virus type 1. Arch Virol 167, 1619–1636 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-022-05467-x

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