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First investigation of the prevalence of parvoviruses in slaughterhouse pigs and genomic characterization of ungulate copiparvovirus 2 in Vietnam

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Abstract

Ungulate protoparvovirus 1, also known as porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1), is considered to be one of the major causes of reproductive failure in pig breeding herds. Other parvoviruses have also been identified in pigs, including ungulate tetraparvovirus 3, or PPV2, ungulate tetraparvovirus 2, or PPV3, and ungulate copiparvovirus 2, or PPV4, but their significance for pigs is unknown. In the present study, the prevalence of PPV1-4 was investigated using a total of 231 lung and serum samples collected from slaughterhouses in 13 provinces throughout Vietnam. The overall prevalence was 54.5% (126/231) for PPV1, 28.0% (65/231) for PPV2, 17.7% (41/231) for PPV3, and 7.8% (18/231) for PPV4. While PPV1 and PPV2 were found in 11 provinces, PPV4 was detected in only three provinces. Co-circulation of PPV1, PPV2 and PPV3 was frequently observed, with PPV1/PPV2 coinfection predominating, with 20.8% (48/231). All four PPVs were detected together in only one sample from Thua Thien Hue. Three nearly complete PPV4 genome sequences of 5,453 nt were determined and deposited in the GenBank database. Alignment and comparison of the three genome sequences showed 99.5-99.6% nucleotide sequence identity, and the deduced amino acid sequences of open reading frames 1-3 were 99.6-99.9% identical to each other, 98.9-99.3% identical to those of other Vietnamese strains and 99.4-99.7% identical to those of Chinese strains). Phylogenetic analysis further confirmed a close relationship between Vietnamese and Chinese PPV4 strains. These results are the first to report the prevalence of PPV1, PPV2, PPV3, and PPV4 and nearly complete genomic sequences of PPV4 in pigs from slaughterhouses in Vietnam.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Vietnam’s National Foundation for Science and Technology (NAFOSTED) under grant number 106-NN.05-2015.62. TO was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) through the Roslin Institute Strategic Programme “Control of Infectious Diseases” (BBS/E/D/20002173 and BBS/E/D/20002174). Thanks also to NAFOSTED funding for my two-month research at the Roslin Institute, and to Mrs. Holly Steven for her support during my stay at the Roslin Institute. The authors thank Ashley Mattei for critical review of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Nguyen Thi Dieu Thuy & Dinh Thi Ngoc Thuy

  2. Institute of Biotechnology, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam

    Nguyen Tran Trung & Tran Quoc Dung

  3. Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam

    Do Vo Anh Khoa

  4. The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK

    Tanja Opriessnig

  5. University of Education, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam

    Tran Quoc Dung

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  1. Nguyen Thi Dieu Thuy
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Contributions

NTDT, responsible for conception this study, laboratory work, and drafting the manuscript). NTT, sample collection from central provinces and assisting with genotyping experiments. TQD, sample collection from northern provinces and DNA extraction. DVAK, sample collection from southern provinces. TO, manuscript review; DTNT, assisting with sequencing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Nguyen Thi Dieu Thuy.

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Thuy, N.T.D., Trung, N.T., Dung, T.Q. et al. First investigation of the prevalence of parvoviruses in slaughterhouse pigs and genomic characterization of ungulate copiparvovirus 2 in Vietnam. Arch Virol 166, 779–788 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04928-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04928-5

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