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Genomic characteristics and pathogenicity of a new recombinant strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

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Abstract

Recombination is an important phenomenon that accelerates evolution and enriches the genetic diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Recombinant PRRSV isolates sometimes have different genetic backgrounds. In this study, we report a recombinant PRRSV (SD-YL1712) isolated from a pig farm. The genome of SD-YL1712 is 15,014 nucleotides in length, and its nucleotide and amino acid sequence conservation is higher than that of PRRSV strain JXA1 except within the NSP2 region. The NSP2 region of SDYL1712 shares the highest nucleotide (85.9%) and amino acid (84.1%) sequence identity with PRRSV strain NADC30. SD-YL1712 was found to contain a characteristic 131-amino-acid deletion in the NSP2 region. Two recombination breakpoints were detected at nt 2134 and nt 3958 within the NSP2 region, which revealed that SD-YL1712 originated from a recombination event between NADC30-like and HP-PRRSV-derived MLV-like strains. Interestingly, SD-YL1712 had an additional deletion at position 586, similar to that found in strain TJnh1501. Moreover, the pathogenicity of strain SD-YL1712 was found to be similar to that of HP-PRRSV JXA1, which was higher than that of the CH1a strain. Further analysis indicated that SD-YL1712 might be a transitional intermediate in the evolution of TJbd1401 to TJnh1501.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Qie Yifan (Université Paris-Saclay, France) for critical review of this manuscript. This study was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0500605), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772764), the Key R&D Project in Shaanxi Province of China (2019NY-076), the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, and the Science and Technology Extension Project in Northwest A&F University (TGZX2020-24).

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  1. Yang Li and Gaoxiao Xu contributed equally to this work.

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  1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China

    Yang Li, Xingqian Du, Lele Xu, Zhiqian Ma, Zhiwei Li, Yingtong Feng, Dian Jiao, Wenping Guo & Shuqi Xiao

  2. Teaching and Research Section of Biotechnology, Nanning University, Nanning, 530200, Guangxi, China

    Gaoxiao Xu

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Li, Y., Xu, G., Du, X. et al. Genomic characteristics and pathogenicity of a new recombinant strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Arch Virol 166, 389–402 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04917-8

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