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Epidemiological and genetic characteristics of porcine reproduction and respiratory syndrome virus 2 in mainland China, 2017–2018

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Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 (PRRSV2) is a major threat to the global pig industry, particularly in China, the world’s largest pig-rearing and pork-production country. Continuously monitoring the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of PRRSV epidemic strains is beneficial for prevention and control of infection. Previously, we reported the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of PRRSV2 in China from 2012 to 2016. Here, the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of PRRSV2 in China from 2017 to 2018 are reported. During these two years, we collected different types of porcine samples from 2428 pig farms in 27 provinces in China. Of the 7980 samples collected, 2080 (26.07%) were positive for PRRSV2 ORF5 by RT-PCR. The positive rate of PRRSV detection between different regions of China ranged from 8.12% to 29.33%, and from 7.96% to 55.50% between different months. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ORF5 gene revealed that the PRRSV2 strains currently circulating in China belong to five clades, and most of the PRRSVs detected are highly pathogenic PRRSVs (HP-PRRSVs; clade IV) and PRRSV NADC30-like strains (clade I). Sequence analysis revealed multiple amino acid mutation types, including amino acid changes and deletions in both the GP5 and Nsp2 proteins. The presence of these mutations may have an effect on the evolution of the virus by altering the viral titer and/or affecting the antibody response against the virus.

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Sequences determined in this study were submitted to the GenBank database under the BioProject number PRJNA587797.

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Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely acknowledge the Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China for providing the map of China free for public use.

Funding

This study was funded by the National Key Research & Development Program of China (grant number 2018YFD0500800), the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hubei Province (grant number 2018skjcx05), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention (grant number YDWS1903), and the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (grant number CARS-35). Wan Liang and Zhong Peng were supported in part by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant numbers: 2019M652609 to W.L. and 2018 M640719 to Z.P.).

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Author notes

  1. Sisi Xie and Wan Liang contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Sisi Xie, Wan Liang, Xueying Wang, Hongjian Chen, Jie Fan, Wenbo Song, Lin Hua, Xibiao Tang, Huanchun Chen, Zhong Peng & Bin Wu

  2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Sisi Xie, Wan Liang, Xueying Wang, Hongjian Chen, Jie Fan, Wenbo Song, Lin Hua, Xibiao Tang, Huanchun Chen, Zhong Peng & Bin Wu

  3. Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture), Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Wan Liang

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  1. Sisi Xie
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Contributions

Conceptualization, Z.P. and B.W.; methodology, S.X., W.L., X.W., H.C., J.F., W.S., L.H., X.T.; writing—original draft preparation, S.X., W.L., Z.P.; writing—review and editing, Z.P., H.C., B.W.; supervision, Z.P., B.W.; project administration, Z.P., B.W.; funding acquisition, W.L., Z.P., B.W. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zhong Peng or Bin Wu.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable. All of the clinical samples used in this study were submitted by veterinarians/or the farm owners to the Huazhong Agricultural University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for routine testing.

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Handling Editor: Sheela Ramamoorthy.

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Xie, S., Liang, W., Wang, X. et al. Epidemiological and genetic characteristics of porcine reproduction and respiratory syndrome virus 2 in mainland China, 2017–2018. Arch Virol 165, 1621–1632 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04661-z

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