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Importance of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) LSDV126 gene in differential diagnosis and epidemiology and its possible involvement in attenuation

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Abstract

Examination of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) isolates from different geographic regions and times revealed that assays developed in our laboratory for differentiating between virulent Israeli viruses and Neethling vaccine virus (NVV) are generally useful in most, if not all, endemic areas in which NVV-based vaccines are used. Recently it was revealed that the LSDV126 gene of field isolates contains a duplicated region of 27 bp (9 aa), while the vaccine viruses have only one copy. Phylogenetic analysis of a 532-bp segment carrying the LSDV126 gene and whole virus genome sequences revealed that LSDV isolates formed two groups: virulent and vaccine viruses. In this analysis, all of the capripox viruses that lack the ability to efficiently infect cattle were found to carry only one copy of the 27-bp fragment, suggesting that the LSDV126 gene plays an important role in the ability of capripox viruses to infect cattle. In silico analysis of potential antigenic sites in LSDV126 revealed that LSDV126 variants with only one copy of the repeat lack a potentially important antigenic epitope, supporting its possible significance in cattle infection. This study provides new information about the nature of the LSDV126 gene and its possible role in the life cycle of LSDV.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Prof. Martin Beer and Dr. Dirk Hoeper from the Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald—Insel Riems, Germany, for whole-genome sequencing of the Israeli LSDV isolates.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kimron Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 12, 50250, Beit Dagan, Israel

    Oran Erster, Marisol Guini Rubinstein, Sophia Menasherow & Yehuda Stram

  2. Bulgarian Food Safety Authority, Sophia, Bulgaria

    Emilia Ivanova

  3. Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa

    Estelle Venter

  4. College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Discipline Veterinary Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia

    Estelle Venter

  5. Veterinary Specialist Institute “Kraljevo”, Žička 34, Kraljevo, 36000, Republic of Serbia

    Milanko Šekler & Mišo Kolarevic

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  1. Oran Erster
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  2. Marisol Guini Rubinstein
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  3. Sophia Menasherow
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  4. Emilia Ivanova
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Correspondence to Yehuda Stram.

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Communicated by William G Dundon.

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Erster, O., Rubinstein, M.G., Menasherow, S. et al. Importance of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) LSDV126 gene in differential diagnosis and epidemiology and its possible involvement in attenuation. Arch Virol 164, 2285–2295 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-019-04327-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-019-04327-5

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