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Characterization of newly emerged NADC30-like strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China

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Abstract

Different strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) have emerged and circulated in different regions of mainland China since 1996, particularly after 2006. In 2012, NADC30-like PRRSV was first isolated in Henan Province. By 2016, it had spread to most provinces in China. In the present study, the whole genomes (excluding the poly(A) tails) of 13 newly emerged NADC30-like PRRSV strains were sequenced and analyzed. Furthermore, the pathogenicity of SD53-1603, one of the 13 PRRSV strains, was assessed. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these 13 newly emerged NADC30-like PRRSV strains, together with some reference strains, formed a new subgroup (subgroup 5), characterized by a predicted 131-amino-acid deletion in the nonstructural protein (NSP) 2. However, low levels of whole-genome similarity and a wide variety of recombination patterns complicated the classification of the NADC30-like PRRSV isolates. Interestingly, almost all of the recombination breakpoints found in these 13 PRRSV isolates and other NADC30-like PRRSV isolates occurred in genes encoding NSPs and/or minor structural proteins. In addition, piglets infected with the newly emerged NADC30-like strain SD53-1603 displayed clear clinical respiratory symptoms and underwent typical pathological changes. The findings may be useful for elucidating the characteristics and epidemic status of NADC30-like PRRSV in China.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the National Key R&D Program (2016YFD0500100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31502097 and 31371381) and the Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province (182102110240 and 182102110084).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678, Haping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150069, China

    Hongliang Zhang, Zhen Li, Lirun Xiang, Wenli Zhang, Chunxiao Liu, Minhua Li, Jinmei Peng, Qian Wang, Yan-Dong Tang, Tongqing An, Xuehui Cai & Zhijun Tian

  2. Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bioreactor, China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal University, No. 1638, Wolong Road, Wolong District, Nanyang, 473061, China

    Chaoliang Leng, Yushan Ding, Hongyue Zhai, Yunchao Kan & Lunguang Yao

  3. Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China

    Guangzhi Tong

  4. Shandong Sinder Technology Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Jiazeng Chen & Yun Bai

Authors
  1. Hongliang Zhang
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  2. Chaoliang Leng
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  3. Yushan Ding
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  4. Hongyue Zhai
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  5. Zhen Li
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  7. Wenli Zhang
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  20. Guangzhi Tong
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Chaoliang Leng, Zhijun Tian or Guangzhi Tong.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the School of Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and was performed in accordance with animal ethics guidelines and approved protocols. The Animal Ethics Committee Approval Number was SYXK (Hei) 2011022.

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Handling Editor: Sheela Ramamoorthy.

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Zhang, H., Leng, C., Ding, Y. et al. Characterization of newly emerged NADC30-like strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China. Arch Virol 164, 401–411 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-018-4080-7

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