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Molecular characterization of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus strains circulating in Egypt from 2003 to 2014

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Abstract

In the present study, four very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) isolates from flocks of chickens with vaccination failure in Egypt in 2003, 2007, 2010 and 2014 were characterized. The four viruses, designated USC2003, USC2007, USC2010 and USC2014, were detected by reverse transcription PCR, subjected to sequencing of both genomic segments (A and B) and compared with geographically and phylogenetically diverse IBDV strains. Phylogenetic analysis of segment A (complete) and B (partial) revealed a close relationship between Egyptian and vvIBDV reference strains of European and Asian origin. The sequences of segments of A and B the current Egyptian isolates were 96.1-98.2% and 96.5-98.7% identical, respectively, to those of other known vvIBDV isolates. The deduced amino acid sequences of VP1, polyprotein (pVP2-VP4-VP3) and VP5 revealed the presence of putative virulence determinants of Egyptian isolates compared with vvIBDV and less virulent (classical and variant) strains. The Egyptian isolates also possess unique amino acids substitutions within the hypervariable region of VP2 that differ from those of other reference IBDV strains. Further studies may be necessary to determine the pathogenic significance of these amino acid substitutions to fully understand the molecular epidemiology and evolution of IBDV.

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Abbreviations

IBDV:

Infectious bursal disease virus

BF:

Bursa of Fabricius

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

SPF-ECE:

Specific-pathogen free embryonated chicken egg

CAM:

Chorio-allantoic membrane

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

DTT:

Dithiothreitol

vvIBDV:

Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus

cIBDV:

Classical IBDV

vaIBDV:

Variant IBDV

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Virology, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Awad A. Shehata, Mohammed Y. Halami & Thomas W. Vahlenkamp

  2. Avian and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, 22857, Sadat, Minoufiya, Egypt

    Awad A. Shehata, Hesham Sultan & Shaimaa Talaat

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  1. Awad A. Shehata
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  2. Hesham Sultan
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  3. Mohammed Y. Halami
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Correspondence to Awad A. Shehata.

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Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors. Embryonated eggs at day 10 are just below the time when the nervous system is sufficiently developed for the embryo to perceive pain, and they are therefore exempt from institutional animal ethics approval requirement (UK Home Office).

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All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Funding

This study was supported in part by funds appropriated to the Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University. The authors would like to thank the Misr Elkhair Foundation for financial support (Grant no. LG05130000).

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Handling Editor: Patricia Aguilar.

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Shehata, A.A., Sultan, H., Halami, M.Y. et al. Molecular characterization of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus strains circulating in Egypt from 2003 to 2014. Arch Virol 162, 3803–3815 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-017-3554-3

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