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Detection and survey of coffee ringspot virus in Brazil

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Abstract

Coffee ringspot virus (CoRSV) a member of the proposed genus “Dichorhavirus”, was surveyed on commercial and research farms spanning an area responsible for the majority of Coffea arabica production in Brazil. Virus-infected plants were found at one hundred percent of locations (n = 45) sampled. All cultivars, regardless of cherry color, were found to serve as hosts, suggesting that there is limited resistance in commercially employed germplasm. Reverse transcription PCR analysis revealed that the virus is contained within symptomatic lesions, with little systemic spread throughout leaves. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ORF1 (nucleocapsid) gene identified a strong geo-spatial relationship among isolates, which clustered into three clades. Despite low genetic diversity among isolates, variation in symptom expression was observed in the experimental host Chenopodium quinoa. Our analyses support the hypothesis that the spread of CoRSV is constrained by the clonal expansion of thelytokous populations of Brevipalpus phoenicis. The widespread occurrence of this virus suggests that it is much more prevalent than previously thought.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the CNPq, CAPES, FAPEMIG, and NSF funding agencies for providing research grants to M.G. and A.F. We would also like to thank the farmers and cooperative workers who graciously provided access to their farms in support of this research. This publication recognizes CAPES Project No. A009, 1901133, and NSF-IOS-0749519).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA

    R. Wang, O. Jones, L. E. Harris & M. M. Goodin

  2. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG, CEP 37200-000, Brazil

    T. O. Ramalho & A. R. Figueira

Authors
  1. T. O. Ramalho
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  2. A. R. Figueira
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  3. R. Wang
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Correspondence to M. M. Goodin.

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Supplementary Data 1

Combined phylogeny of CoRSV isolates using data shown in Figures 3 and 4. Sample number on the tree corresponds to collection site shown in A. Only bootstrap values greater than 60% are shown. Scale bar = number of changes per site. Collection sites of CoRSV in major coffee growing regions of Brazil; Western Minas Gerais (red), Bahia (blue) and Eastern Minas Gerais/Espírito Santo (pink). (JPEG 355 kb)

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Ramalho, T.O., Figueira, A.R., Wang, R. et al. Detection and survey of coffee ringspot virus in Brazil. Arch Virol 161, 335–343 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-015-2663-0

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