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Efficacy of scallop shell powders and slaked lime for inactivating avian influenza virus under harsh conditions

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Abstract

The efficacy and stability of scallop shell powder (SSP) were investigated, in terms of its capacity to inactivate avian influenza virus (AIV), and compared with slaked lime (SL). An environmental simulation was conducted by emulating sunlight and wet-dry conditions. The powders were collected at consecutive 2-week intervals under sunlight and upon every resuspension. These materials were tested by mixing them with AIV and incubating the mixture for 3 min or 20 h, followed by AIV titration. At the same time, a pH buffering test was conducted by neutralization with Tris-HCl. The results revealed that SSP and SL have high alkalinity and excellent ability to inactivate AIV. In a simulated harsh environment, SSP and SL retained a satisfactory ability to inactivate AIV within 20 h throughout the experimental procedure. However, SSP was able to inactivate AIV during a short contact period (3 min), even under harsh conditions, and it was more resistant than SL to neutralization.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank C&C Co., Ltd. for providing SSP for this experiment, as well as Dr. Dany Shoham, Bar Ilan University, Israel, for the grammatical review of the manuscript. This work was supported in part by a grant in aid from Kieikai Research Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan

    Chanathip Thammakarn, Misato Tsujimura, Keisuke Satoh, Tomomi Hasegawa, Miho Tamura, Akinobu Kawamura, Yuki Ishida, Atsushi Suguro, Hakimullah Hakim & Kazuaki Takehara

  2. The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan

    Chanathip Thammakarn, Hakimullah Hakim & Kazuaki Takehara

  3. Virology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, 10530, Thailand

    Sakchai Ruenphet

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  1. Chanathip Thammakarn
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  2. Misato Tsujimura
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  3. Keisuke Satoh
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  11. Kazuaki Takehara
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Correspondence to Kazuaki Takehara.

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Thammakarn, C., Tsujimura, M., Satoh, K. et al. Efficacy of scallop shell powders and slaked lime for inactivating avian influenza virus under harsh conditions. Arch Virol 160, 2577–2581 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-015-2517-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-015-2517-9

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