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First isolation and characterization of a mosquito-borne orbivirus belonging to the species Umatilla virus in East Asia

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Abstract

An orbivirus was isolated from a sample from the ornithophilic mosquito Culex sasai in Japan. The virus, designated Koyama Hill virus (KHV), replicated to high titer in a mosquito cell line and to a low titer in an avian cell line, but the release of progeny viruses was not observed in mammalian cell lines inoculated with KHV. Electron microscopic examination of KHV-infected mosquito cells showed approximately 70-nm virus particles and viral tubules typical of members of the genus Orbivirus, family Reoviridae. KHV efficiently replicated in Cx. sasai mosquitoes, suggesting a potential vector species for KHV transmission in nature. Full-length viral genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that KHV is closely related to Umatilla virus (UMAV) and Stretch Lagoon orbivirus (SLOV). This suggests that KHV is a new member of the species Umatilla virus, an orbivirus species not previously observed in East Asia. The KHV genome segment encoding NS1 contains a notable sequence deletion and heterogeneity compared with a prototype UMAV, which may affect its growth properties and pathogenicity in host cells. These results provide new insights into the genetic diversity and geographic distribution of members of the species Umatilla virus.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by a grant-in-aid from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Research Fellowships for Young Scientists (12J09845). This work was also supported in part by grants-in-aid of Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (H24-Shinko-Ippan-007) and JSPS KAKENHI (21406012 and 25305010).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan

    Hiroko Ejiri, Ryusei Kuwata, Yoshio Tsuda, Toshinori Sasaki, Mutsuo Kobayashi, Kyoko Sawabe & Haruhiko Isawa

  2. Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan

    Ryusei Kuwata

  3. Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, 252-0880, Japan

    Yukita Sato

Authors
  1. Hiroko Ejiri
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  2. Ryusei Kuwata
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  3. Yoshio Tsuda
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  4. Toshinori Sasaki
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  5. Mutsuo Kobayashi
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  7. Kyoko Sawabe
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  8. Haruhiko Isawa
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Haruhiko Isawa.

Additional information

The complete nucleotide sequence of KHV reported in this study has been submitted to the DDBJ/GenBank/EMBL databases under accession numbers AB894484–AB894493.

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Ejiri, H., Kuwata, R., Tsuda, Y. et al. First isolation and characterization of a mosquito-borne orbivirus belonging to the species Umatilla virus in East Asia. Arch Virol 159, 2675–2685 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2117-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2117-0

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