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No novel coronaviruses identified in a large collection of human nasopharyngeal specimens using family-wide CODEHOP-based primers

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Abstract

Novel viruses might be responsible for numerous disease cases with unknown etiology. In this study, we screened 1800 nasopharyngeal samples from adult outpatients with respiratory disease symptoms and healthy individuals. We employed a reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assay and CODEHOP-based primers (CT12-mCODEHOP) previously developed to recognize known and unknown corona- and toroviruses. The CT12-mCODEHOP assay detected 42.0 % (29/69) of samples positive for human coronaviruses (HCoV), including HCoV-229 (1/16), HCoV-NL63 (9/17), and HCoV-OC43 (19/36), and additionally HCoV-HKU1 (3), which was not targeted by the diagnostic real-time PCR assays. No other coronaviruses were identified in the analyzed samples.

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Acknowledgments

We thank our GRACE project colleagues Herman Goossens, Anton M. van Loon and all involved in the GRACE Primary Care Network for the opportunity to conduct this study, and Lia van der Hoek, Igor Sidorov, Chris Lauber and Michael Rozanov for advice and discussions. This study was partially supported by an EU FP6 GRACE grant (LSHM-CT12-2005-518226).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, E4-P, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Kalina T. Zlateva, Kelly M. Crusio, Willy J. M. Spaan, Eric C. J. Claas & Alexander E. Gorbalenya

  2. Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Frank E. J. Coenjaerts & Marco Viveen

  3. Department of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Universiteit Antwerpen, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

    Christine Lammens & Margareta Ieven

  4. Department of Data Management, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Frank Leus

Authors
  1. Kalina T. Zlateva
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  2. Frank E. J. Coenjaerts
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  3. Kelly M. Crusio
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  4. Christine Lammens
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  7. Margareta Ieven
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  8. Willy J. M. Spaan
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alexander E. Gorbalenya.

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Zlateva, K.T., Coenjaerts, F.E.J., Crusio, K.M. et al. No novel coronaviruses identified in a large collection of human nasopharyngeal specimens using family-wide CODEHOP-based primers. Arch Virol 158, 251–255 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-012-1487-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-012-1487-4

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