Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Prion protein gene (PRNP) polymorphisms in Xinjiang local sheep breeds in China

  • Brief Report
  • Published:
Archives of Virology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary.

Amino acid polymorphisms of the prion protein (PrP) gene (PRNP), particularly those occurring at codons 136, 154, and 171 have a significant influence on scrapie pathogenesis in many sheep breeds. We isolated blood samples from 222 sheep representing the eight main local sheep breeds in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, the territory with the most abundant local sheep breeds in China, to identify the PRNP polymorphisms and to determine whether these breeds were at risk for developing scrapie. A new PRNP polymorphism encoding either glycine (G) or arginine (R) at codon 85 as well as eight previously reported polymorphisms at codons 101, 112, 127, 141, 146, 154, 171, and 189 in other sheep breeds were detected. Interestingly, the alanine (A)/V polymorphism at codon 136 was not observed in this study, all sheep being homozygous for A at this position. While the previously identified polymorphism of argine (R) or histidine (H) at codon 154 was detected, the H polymorphism was rare (2.25%). Four polymorphisms at codon 171 encoding glutamine (Q), R, H, or lysine (K) were detected. The predominant ARQ allele occurred at a high frequency of 77.48%, suggesting an increased risk of scrapie in Xinjiang Autonomous Region.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • C Acin I Martin-Burriel W Goldmann J Lyahyai M Monzon R Bolea A Smith C Rodellar JJ Badiola P Zaragoza (2004) ArticleTitlePrion protein gene polymorphisms in healthy and scrapie-affected Spanish sheep J Gen Virol 85 2103–2110 Occurrence Handle15218196 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXlvFKhurg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1099/vir.0.80047-0

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M Arnold C Meek CR Webb LJ Hoinville (2002) ArticleTitleAssessing the efficacy of a ram-genotyping programme to reduce susceptibility to scrapie in Great Britain Prev Vet Med 56 227–249 Occurrence Handle12441238 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD38notFahtQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0167-5877(02)00159-9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M Baylis W Goldmann F Houston D Cairns A Chong A Ross A Smith N Hunter AR McLean (2002) ArticleTitleScrapie epidemic in a fully PrP-genotyped sheep flock J Gen Virol 83 2907–2914 Occurrence Handle12388827 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XosF2jtrc%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • PB Belt IH Muileman BE Schreuder J Bos-de Ruijter AL Gielkens MA Smits (1995) ArticleTitleIdentification of five allelic variants of the sheep PrP gene and their association with natural scrapie J Gen Virol 76 IssueIDPt 3 509–517 Occurrence Handle7897344 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXkt1Ggtbw%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C Billinis V Psychas L Leontides V Spyrou S Argyroudis I Vlemmas S Leontides T Sklaviadis O Papadopoulos (2004) ArticleTitlePrion protein gene polymorphisms in healthy and scrapie-affected sheep in Greece J Gen Virol 85 547–554 Occurrence Handle14769911 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXitVGitbk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1099/vir.0.19520-0

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A Bossers BE Schreuder IH Muileman PB Belt MA Smits (1996) ArticleTitlePrP genotype contributes to determining survival times of sheep with natural scrapie J Gen Virol 77 IssueIDPt 10 2669–2673 Occurrence Handle8887505 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XmtVyitbk%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A Buschmann AG Biacabe U Ziegler A Bencsik JY Madec G Erhardt G Luhken T Baron MH Groschup (2004) ArticleTitleAtypical scrapie cases in Germany and France are identified by discrepant reaction patterns in BSE rapid tests J Virol Methods 117 27–36 Occurrence Handle15019257 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhslWns7s%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.jviromet.2003.11.017

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M Dawson LJ Hoinville BD Hosie N Hunter (1998) ArticleTitleGuidance on the use of PrP genotyping as an aid to the control of clinical scrapie. Scrapie Information Group Vet Rec 142 623–625 Occurrence Handle9650232 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1czhtl2iug%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • U DeSilva X Guo DM Kupfer SC Fernando AT Pillai FZ Najar S So GQ Fitch BA Roe (2003) ArticleTitleAllelic variants of ovine prion protein gene (PRNP) in Oklahoma sheep Cytogenet Genome Res 102 89–94 Occurrence Handle14970685 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtlejtrg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1159/000075731

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • JM Elsen Y Amigues F Schelcher V Ducrocq O Andreoletti F Eychenne JV Khang JP Poivey F Lantier JL Laplanche (1999) ArticleTitleGenetic susceptibility and transmission factors in scrapie: detailed analysis of an epidemic in a closed flock of Romanov Arch Virol 144 431–445 Occurrence Handle10226611 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjs12rt74%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/s007050050516

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • W Goldmann N Hunter G Smith J Foster J Hope (1994) ArticleTitlePrP genotype and agent effects in scrapie: change in allelic interaction with different isolates of agent in sheep, a natural host of scrapie J Gen Virol 75 IssueIDPt 5 989–995 Occurrence Handle7909834 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXivFGmtLg%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • W Goldmann T Martin J Foster S Hughes G Smith K Hughes M Dawson N Hunter (1996) ArticleTitleNovel polymorphisms in the caprine PrP gene: a codon 142 mutation associated with scrapie incubation period J Gen Virol 77 IssueIDPt 11 2885–2891 Occurrence Handle8922485 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xmsl2htb0%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A Gombojav N Ishiguro M Horiuchi D Serjmyadag B Byambaa M Shinagawa (2003) ArticleTitleAmino acid polymorphisms of PrP gene in Mongolian sheep J Vet Med Sci 65 75–81 Occurrence Handle12576708 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhs12jt7w%3D Occurrence Handle10.1292/jvms.65.75

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • N Hunter W Goldmann G Smith J Hope (1994) ArticleTitleThe association of a codon 136 PrP gene variant with the occurrence of natural scrapie Arch Virol 137 171–177 Occurrence Handle7979991 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXmvVCjsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF01311184

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • N Hunter JD Foster W Goldmann MJ Stear J Hope C Bostock (1996) ArticleTitleNatural scrapie in a closed flock of Cheviot sheep occurs only in specific PrP genotypes Arch Virol 141 809–824 Occurrence Handle8678828 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XksFWnsLk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF01718157

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • N Hunter (1997) ArticleTitlePrP genetics in sheep and the applications for scrapie and BSE Trends Microbiol 5 331–334 Occurrence Handle9263413 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:ByiH3cfovFA%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0966-842X(97)01081-0

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • N Hunter L Moore BD Hosie WS Dingwall A Greig (1997) ArticleTitleAssociation between natural scrapie and PrP genotype in a flock of Suffolk sheep in Scotland Vet Rec 140 59–63 Occurrence Handle9023905 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:ByiC2snjsF0%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T Ikeda M Horiuchi N Ishiguro Y Muramatsu GD Kai-Uwe M Shinagawa (1995) ArticleTitleAmino acid polymorphisms of PrP with reference to onset of scrapie in Suffolk and Corriedale sheep in Japan J Gen Virol 76 IssueIDPt 10 2577–2581 Occurrence Handle7595361 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXosVGltLk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1099/0022-1317-76-10-2577

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S Mead MP Stumpf J Whitfield JA Beck M Poulter T Campbell JB Uphill D Goldstein M Alpers EM Fisher J Collinge (2003) ArticleTitleBalancing selection at the prion protein gene consistent with prehistoric kurulike epidemics Science 300 640–643 Occurrence Handle12690204 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjtVymu7s%3D Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.1083320

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • RC Moore J Hope PA McBride I McConnell J Selfridge DW Melton JC Manson (1998) ArticleTitleMice with gene targetted prion protein alterations show that Prnp, Sinc and Prni are congruent Nat Genet 18 118–125 Occurrence Handle9462739 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXosFCmtQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1038/ng0298-118

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T Moum I Olsaker P Hopp T Moldal M Valheim SL Benestad (2005) ArticleTitlePolymorphisms at codons 141 and 154 in the ovine prion protein gene are associated with scrapie Nor98 cases J Gen Virol 86 231–235 Occurrence Handle15604451 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlt1Kltg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1099/vir.0.80437-0

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • E O’Doherty A Healy M Aherne JP Hanrahan E Weavers M Doherty JF Roche M Gunn T Sweeney (2002) ArticleTitlePrion protein (PrP) gene polymorphisms associated with natural scrapie cases and their flock-mates in Ireland Res Vet Sci 73 243–250 Occurrence Handle12443681 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXltF2mug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0034-5288(02)00073-5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KI O’Rourke GR Holyoak WW Clark JR Mickelson S Wang RP Melco TE Besser WC Foote (1997) ArticleTitlePrP genotypes and experimental scrapie in orally inoculated Suffolk sheep in the United States J Gen Virol 78 IssueIDPt 4 975–978 Occurrence Handle9129673 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXisVKqsb4%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MS Palmer AJ Dryden JT Hughes J Collinge (1991) ArticleTitleHomozygous prion protein genotype predisposes to sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Nature 352 340–342 Occurrence Handle1677164 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXltFWrt7w%3D Occurrence Handle10.1038/352340a0

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SB Prusiner MR Scott SJ DeArmond FE Cohen (1998) ArticleTitlePrion protein biology Cell 93 337–348 Occurrence Handle9590169 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjtFCjtLw%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81163-0

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BE Schreuder LJ van Keulen MA Smits JP Langeveld JA Stegeman (1997) ArticleTitleControl of scrapie eventually possible? Vet Q 19 105–113 Occurrence Handle9323850 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:ByiH28rhsVY%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S Thorgeirsdottir S Sigurdarson HM Thorisson G Georgsson A Palsdottir (1999) ArticleTitlePrP gene polymorphism and natural scrapie in Icelandic sheep J Gen Virol 80 IssueIDPt 9 2527–2534 Occurrence Handle10501510 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXlvFCntLo%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J Walsh (2002) ArticleTitleScrapie diagnosed in QR sheep The Shephard 40–41 1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • D Westaway V Zuliani CM Cooper M Da Costa S Neuman AL Jenny L Detwiler SB Prusiner (1994) ArticleTitleHomozygosity for prion protein alleles encoding glutamine-171 renders sheep susceptible to natural scrapie Genes Dev 8 959–969 Occurrence Handle7926780 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXltVSrtLg%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • L Zhang N Li B Fan M Fang W Xu (2004) ArticleTitlePRNP polymorphisms in Chinese ovine, caprine and bovine breeds Anim Genet 35 457–461 Occurrence Handle15566469 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-2052.2004.01204.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjslGntg%3D%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Life Sciences and Technology College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China

    Z. Lan & X. Zhang

  2. National Diagnostic Center for Exotic Animal Diseases, National Animal Quarantine Institute, MOA, Qingdao, P.R. China

    Z. Lan, Z. L. Wang & Y. Liu

Authors
  1. Z. Lan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Z. L. Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Y. Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. X. Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lan, Z., Wang, Z., Liu, Y. et al. Prion protein gene (PRNP) polymorphisms in Xinjiang local sheep breeds in China. Arch Virol 151, 2095–2101 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-006-0758-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-006-0758-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation