Abstract
The paper analyses time series of thermal growing season (GS) start (GSS) and end dates (GSE) and length (GSL) in three cities representing urbanised areas of Central Europe (Kraków, Prague, Vienna) in the period 1792–2020. The classification of dates of growing season start and end, as well as length of the designated growing seasons, was conducted from climate data. An attempt was made to identify the dominant patterns of GS course, considering its start date, length, and end date collectively. In the period 1972–2020 in Central Europe, the growing season was prolonged, although the changes in particular stations selected for analysis occurred unevenly and simultaneously resulted from different causes. Three subperiods can be designated, differing in the intensity of changes in the start and end dates, as well as growing season length. The intensification of the rate of the occurring changes was recorded in all stations at the end of the twentieth and in the twenty-first century. There is a trend of decreasing frequency of short and abnormally short periods and more and more frequent occurrence of long and abnormally long seasons in the analysed multiannual period. Regardless of the differences between the stations in the designated GS types, the shortest of them were observed simultaneously at all three analysed stations in the period 1830–1860 and at the beginning of the twentieth century. The opposite type, representing the longest GS, is most abundant since the 1990s in Central Europe.
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Data from Prague were obtained from national meteorological services, i.e. the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. Data from Kraków come from the scientific station of the Department of Climatology of the Institute of Geography and Spatial Management of the Jagiellonian University. Data from Vienna were obtained from publicly available bases of historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the Greater Alpine Region (HISTALP).
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Conceptualization: Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta, Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk. Data curation: Arkadiusz M.Tomczyk, Katarzyna Piotrowicz. Formal analysis: Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta, Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk, Ewa Bendorz, Katarzyna Piotrowicz. Investigation: Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta, Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk, Ewa Bendorz. Methodology: Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta, Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk, Ewa Bendorz, Katarzyna Piotrowicz. Project administration: Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta. Visualization: Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk, Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta. Writing-original draft: Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta, Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk, Ewa Bendorz, Katarzyna Piotrowicz. Writing-review and editing: Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta.
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Szyga-Pluta, K., Tomczyk, A.M., Bednorz, E. et al. Assessment of climate variations in the growing period in Central Europe since the end of eighteenth century. Theor Appl Climatol 149, 1785–1800 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-022-04141-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-022-04141-1