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Local and remote responses to opposite Ross Sea ice anomalies: a numerical experiment with the CPTEC/INPE AGCM

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Abstract

This work examines the near-surface responses, in the Southern Hemisphere atmosphere, to a reduction and an excess of sea ice cover in the Ross Sea. Large ensembles (60 members) of the Atmospheric General Circulation Model of the Center for Weather Forecast and Climate Studies (AGCM-CPTEC) are used for this purpose. Locally, when the sea ice cover decreases (increases), heat fluxes, temperature, and pressure increase (decreases). A principal component analysis of temperature and geopotential height identifies the potential remote connections. We have found three main results: first, an association between the sea ice cover in the Ross Sea and a wave train that resembles the Pacific South American (PSA) pattern; second, a relationship between temperatures in the Ross Sea and in the southern South America; and third, an apparent correspondence between reduced sea ice cover in the Ross Sea and the subtropical jet over Australia.

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Acknowledgments

The first author is grateful to Dr. Caio Coelho and Dr. Manoel Cardoso for the valuable comments and advices given in earlier versions of this manuscript. We also appreciate the constructive comments given by the anonymous reviewer. We are grateful to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) and Sea Ice Remote Sensing Group (NASA) for keeping and providing the data. This paper is part of the Ph.D. thesis of the first author. The high-resolution ERA-40 data set used in this study has been provided by ECMWF to CPTEC/INPE.

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  1. Center for Weather Forecast and Climate Studies (CPTEC), Dutra km40, Cachoeira Paulista, SP, Brazil, CEP 126300

    Christopher A. Cunningham & José Paulo Bonatti

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  1. Christopher A. Cunningham
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  2. José Paulo Bonatti
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Correspondence to Christopher A. Cunningham.

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Cunningham, C.A., Bonatti, J.P. Local and remote responses to opposite Ross Sea ice anomalies: a numerical experiment with the CPTEC/INPE AGCM. Theor Appl Climatol 106, 23–44 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-011-0407-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-011-0407-y

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