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The assessment of aerosol optical properties over Mohal in the northwestern Indian Himalayas using satellite and ground-based measurements and an influence of aerosol transport on aerosol radiative forcing

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Abstract

The present study deals with the aerosol optical properties which are assessed during the period 2007 to 2009 over Mohal (31.9ºN, 77.12ºE) in the northwestern Indian Himalaya, using ground-based measurements and multi-satellite data. The daily average value of aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm, Ångström exponent and turbidity coefficient are 0.24 ± 0.08, 1.02 ± 0.34 and 0.13 ± 0.05, respectively. The comparative study of satellite and ground-based measurements reveals that the percentage retrieval for daily AOD at 550 nm over Mohal within the expected accuracy (Δτ pλ  = ±0.05 ± 0.15τ pλ ) is around 87%, with a significant correlation coefficient of 0.76. The present study suggests that the retrieval of AOD through satellite data is able to characterise the distribution of AOD over Mohal. However, further efforts are needed in order to eliminate systematic errors in the existing Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) algorithm. The transport of desert dust and anthropogenic aerosol during high aerosol loading days caused a significant reduction in surface-reaching solar radiation by 149 and 117%, respectively. This large reduction in surface-reaching solar radiation increased the atmospheric heating rate by 0.93 and 0.72 K day−1, respectively. This study indicates significant climatic implications due to the transport of aerosols in the northwestern Indian Himalaya.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Director, G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand, for providing the necessary facilities. The authors are grateful to the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Bangalore, for providing financial assistance to this project through the Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. We acknowledge National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for providing the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) aerosol data and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Air Resources Laboratory for a provision of the HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) transport and dispersion model which we have used in this publication. We thank the reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions.

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  1. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Himachal Unit, Mohal-Kullu, 175 126, India

    Raj Paul Guleria, Jagdish Chandra Kuniyal, Nand Lal Sharma & Harinder Kumar Thakur

  2. Department of Physics, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263 002, India

    Pan Singh Rawat

  3. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, 263 643, India

    Pitamber Prasad Dhyani

  4. Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, 171 005, India

    Mahavir Singh

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  1. Raj Paul Guleria
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Guleria, R.P., Kuniyal, J.C., Rawat, P.S. et al. The assessment of aerosol optical properties over Mohal in the northwestern Indian Himalayas using satellite and ground-based measurements and an influence of aerosol transport on aerosol radiative forcing. Meteorol Atmos Phys 113, 153–169 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-011-0149-5

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