Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Protein S-100 and neuron-specific enolase serum levels remain unaffected by electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression

  • Psychiatry and Preclinical Psychiatric Studies - Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Neural Transmission Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The mechanism of the reversible cognitive deficits that might occur within an electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatment has not been clarified in a substantial way yet. Although the data available so far do not point towards a cause due to any structural or diffuse damage, further clarification, especially of the role of S-100 seems to be necessary before robust conclusions can be drawn. Serum levels of protein S-100 and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were analysed in 19 patients with depression, who received ECT. The sampling was adjusted for the short half-life of protein S-100. Several outcome parameters such as Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Mini-mental state examination before and after the ECT, response and remission to the treatment were recorded. S-100 and NSE levels at baseline, 30 and 60 min after the third session and after the end of the ECT remained stable. S-100 and NSE levels were neither associated with antidepressant response or remission nor with alterations in the cognitive performance. Although aiming for detecting potential rise in these established brain damage markers, an increase due to ECT was not observed, which is in line with the previous studies concerning the safety of ECT on a cellular basis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Agelink MW, Andrich J, Postert T, Wurzinger U, Zeit T, Klotz P, Przuntek H (2001) Relation between electroconvulsive therapy, cognitive side effects, neuron specific enolase, and protein S-100. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 71(3):394–396

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Arolt V, Peters M, Erfurth A, Wiesmann M, Missler U, Rudolf S, Kirchner H et al (2003) S100B and response to treatment in major depression: a pilot study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 13(4):235–239

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arts B, Peters M, Ponds R, Honig A, Menheere P, van Os J (2006) S100 and impact of ECT on depression and cognition. J ECT 22(3):206–212

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Atici Y, Alehan F, Sezer T, Tuygun N, Haberal A, Yazici AC, Karacan CD (2012) Serum S100B levels in children with simple febrile seizures. Seizure 21(3):175–177

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Banerjee S, Hellier J, Dewey M, Romeo R, Ballard C, Baldwin R, Bentham P et al (2011) Sertraline or mirtazapine for depression in dementia (HTA-SADD): a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 378(9789):403–411

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berrouschot J, Rolle K, Kuhn HJ, Schneider D (1997) Serum neuron-specific enolase levels do not increase after electroconvulsive therapy. J Neurol Sci 150(2):173–176

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Busnello JV, Leke R, Oses JP, Feier G, Bruch R, Quevedo J, Kapczinski F et al (2006) Acute and chronic electroconvulsive shock in rats: effects on peripheral markers of neuronal injury and glial activity. Life Sci 78(26):3013–3017

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Casmiro M, Maitan S, De Pasquale F, Cova V, Scarpa E, Vignatelli L, Group NSES (2005) Cerebrospinal fluid and serum neuron-specific enolase concentrations in a normal population. Eur J Neurol 12(5):369–374

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coffey CE, Weiner RD, Djang WT, Figiel GS, Soady SA, Patterson LJ, Holt PD et al (1991) Brain anatomic effects of electroconvulsive therapy. A prospective magnetic resonance imaging study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 48(11):1013–1021

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dauenhauer LE, Chauhan P, Cohen BJ (2011) Factors that influence electroconvulsive therapy referrals: a statewide survey of psychiatrists. J ECT 27(3):232–235

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Devanand DP, Dwork AJ, Hutchinson ER, Bolwig TG, Sackeim HA (1994) Does ECT alter brain structure? Am J Psychiatry 151(7):957–970

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghanem G, Loir B, Morandini R, Sales F, Lienard D, Eggermont A, Lejeune F (2001) On the release and half-life of S100B protein in the peripheral blood of melanoma patients. Int J Cancer 94(4):586–590

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ingebrigtsen T, Romner B (2003) Biochemical serum markers for brain damage: a short review with emphasis on clinical utility in mild head injury. Restor Neurol Neurosci 21(3–4):171–176

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kacinski M, Budziszewska B, Lason W, Zajac A, Skowronek-Bala B, Leskiewicz M, Kubik A et al (2012) Level of S100B protein, neuron specific enolase, orexin A, adiponectin and insulin-like growth factor in serum of pediatric patients suffering from sleep disorders with or without epilepsy. Pharmacol Rep 64(6):1427–1433

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kleindienst A, Meissner S, Eyupoglu IY, Parsch H, Schmidt C, Buchfelder M (2010) Dynamics of S100B release into serum and cerebrospinal fluid following acute brain injury. Acta Neurochir Suppl 106:247–250

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lauber C, Nordt C, Falcato L, Rossler W (2005) Can a seizure help? The public’s attitude toward electroconvulsive therapy. Psychiatry Res 134(2):205–209

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mikkonen K, Pekkala N, Pokka T, Romner B, Uhari M, Rantala H (2012) S100B proteins in febrile seizures. Seizure 21(2):144–146

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Palmio J, Huuhka M, Laine S, Huhtala H, Peltola J, Leinonen E, Suhonen J et al (2010) Electroconvulsive therapy and biomarkers of neuronal injury and plasticity: serum levels of neuron-specific enolase and S-100b protein. Psychiatry Res 177(1–2):97–100

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Semkovska M, McLoughlin DM (2010) Objective cognitive performance associated with electroconvulsive therapy for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Psychiatry 68(6):568–577

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stelzhammer V, Guest PC, Rothermundt M, Sondermann C, Michael N, Schwarz E, Rahmoune H et al (2013) Electroconvulsive therapy exerts mainly acute molecular changes in serum of major depressive disorder patients. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 23(10):1199–1207

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Szabo K, Hirsch JG, Krause M, Ende G, Henn FA, Sartorius A, Gass A (2007) Diffusion weighted MRI in the early phase after electroconvulsive therapy. Neurol Res 29(3):256–259

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Townend W, Dibble C, Abid K, Vail A, Sherwood R, Lecky F (2006) Rapid elimination of protein S-100B from serum after minor head trauma. J Neurotrauma 23(2):149–155

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ullrich H, Kranaster L, Sigges E, Andrich J, Sartorius A (2013) Neuron specific enolase and serum remain unaffected by ultra high frequency left prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with depression: a preliminary study. J Neural Transm 120(12):1733–1736

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams R, Cresswell F, McClure M, Lane R (2011) Creutzfeldt-jakob disease as a cause of cognitive decline and seizures in the elderly: diagnostic pointers and strategy for investigation. Case Rep Med 2011:719583

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zachrisson OC, Balldin J, Ekman R, Naesh O, Rosengren L, Agren H, Blennow K (2000) No evident neuronal damage after electroconvulsive therapy. Psychiatry Res 96(2):157–165

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany

    Laura Kranaster & Alexander Sartorius

  2. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany

    Christoph Janke

  3. Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany

    Sonani Mindt & Michael Neumaier

Authors
  1. Laura Kranaster
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Christoph Janke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sonani Mindt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Michael Neumaier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Alexander Sartorius
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Laura Kranaster.

Additional information

L. Kranaster and C. Janke contributed equally.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kranaster, L., Janke, C., Mindt, S. et al. Protein S-100 and neuron-specific enolase serum levels remain unaffected by electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression. J Neural Transm 121, 1411–1415 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-014-1228-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-014-1228-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation