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Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus posterior cervical foraminotomy in the treatment of brachialgia: the Leeds spinal unit experience (2008–2013)

Acta Neurochirurgica volume 157, pages 1595–1600 (2015)Cite this article

Abstract

Background

The surgical management of cervical brachialgia utilising anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or posterior cervical foraminotomy (PCF) is a controversial area in spinal surgery. Previous studies are limited by utilisation of non-validated outcome measures and, importantly, absence of pre-operative analysis to ensure both groups are matched. The authors aimed to compare the effectiveness of ACDF and PCF using validated outcome measures. To our knowledge, it is the first study in the literature to do this.

Methods

The authors conducted a 5-year retrospective review (2008–2013) of outcomes following both the above procedures and also compared the effectiveness of both techniques. Patients with myelopathy and large central discs were excluded. The main outcome variables measured were the neck disability index (NDI) and visual analogue scores (VAS) for neck and arm pain pre-operatively and again at 2-year follow-up. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Student t-tests were used to test differences.

Results

A total of 150 ACDFs and 51 PCFs were performed for brachialgia. There was no differences in the pre-operative NDI, VAS neck and arm scores between both groups (p > 0.05). As expected, both ACDF and PCF delivered statistically significant improvement in NDI, VAS-neck and VAS-arm scores. The degree of improvement of NDI, VAS-neck and VAS-arm were the same between both groups of patients (p > 0.05) with a trend favouring the PCF group. In the ACDF group, two (1.3 %) patients needed repeat ACDF due to adjacent segment disease. One patient (0.7 %) needed further decompression via a foraminotomy. In the PCF group one (2.0 %) patient needed ACDF due to persistent brachialgia.

Conclusions

We found both interventions delivered similar improvements in the VAS and NDI scores in patients. Both techniques may be appropriately utilised when treating a patient with cervical brachialgia.

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Leeds General Infirmary, LS1 3EX, Leeds, UK

    Senthil K. Selvanathan, Simon Thomson, Rob Corns, Kenan Deniz, Chris Derham, Gerry Towns, Jake Timothy & Deb Pal

  2. Medical School, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, UK

    Chris Beagrie

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  1. Senthil K. Selvanathan
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  2. Chris Beagrie
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  3. Simon Thomson
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  4. Rob Corns
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  5. Kenan Deniz
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  8. Jake Timothy
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Correspondence to Senthil K. Selvanathan.

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Selvanathan, S.K., Beagrie, C., Thomson, S. et al. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus posterior cervical foraminotomy in the treatment of brachialgia: the Leeds spinal unit experience (2008–2013). Acta Neurochir 157, 1595–1600 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-015-2491-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-015-2491-8

Keywords

  • Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
  • Posterior cervical foraminotomy
  • Spine
  • Neck disability index
  • Visual analogue scale
  • Outcomes
  • Complications
  • Recurrence
  • Re-do surgery
  • Instrumentation