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Role of degenerated neuron density of dorsal root ganglion on anterior spinal artery vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage: experimental study

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An Erratum to this article was published on 04 November 2010

Abstract

Background

The spinal arteries are innervated by several systems that contribute to the control of spinal cord blood flow. The sensory fibers of upper cervical nerves have vasodilatatory effect on the anterior spinal arteries (ASA). Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) causes severe vasospasm by various neurochemical mechanisms. We examined whether there is a relationship between the neuron density of the C3 dorsal root ganglion and the severity of ASA vasospasm in SAH.

Methods

This study was conducted on 20 rabbits. Four of them were used as baseline group. Experimental SAH has been applied to all of 16 animals by injecting homologous blood into cisterna magna. After 20 days of injection, ASA and C3 dorsal root ganglia (C3DRG) were examined histopathologically. ASA volume values and normal and degenerated neuron densities of C3DRG were estimated stereologically and the results were analyzed statistically.

Results

The mean ASA volume was 1,010 ± 450 mm3, and the mean neuronal density of C3DRG was 10,500 ± 850 in all animals. The mean volume value of ASA was 970 ± 150 mm3, and the normal neuron density of C3DRG fell to 8,600 ± 400/mm3 in slight vasospasm group. In severe vasospasm-developed animals, mean volume value of ASA was 540 ± 90 mm3 and the normal neuron density of C3DRG fell to 5,500 ± 360/mm3. An inverse relationship between the degenerated neuronal density of the C3DRG and ASA volume values may indicate the severity of ASA vasospasm.

Conclusion

The neuron density of C3DRG may be an important factor on the regulation of ASA volume values and the continuation of spinal cord blood flow. Low neuron density of C3DRG may be considered as an important factor in the pathogenesis of severe ASA vasospasm in SAH.

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Abbreviations

ASA:

Anterior spinal arteries

DRG:

Dorsal root ganglia

SAH:

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

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Acknowledgment

This study was presented as a poster presentation at Turkish Neurosurgical Society, 24th Annual Meeting in Antalya, Turkey.

Conflicts of interest

None.

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Author notes

  1. Mehmet D. Aydin

    Present address: Ataturk Universitesi Lojmanları, 60 Blok, kat-3, No-6, 25200, Erzurum, Turkey

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Rize University, Rize, Turkey

    Ayhan Kanat

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Sisli Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Adem Yilmaz & Murat Musluman

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    Mehmet D. Aydin, Sare Altas & Nesrin Gursan

  4. Tophane Mahallesi, Laleli Sok, Yilmaz Apt 14/3, 53100, Merkez, Rize, Turkey

    Ayhan Kanat

  5. Medical Faculty Department of Pathology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    Sare Altas & Nesrin Gursan

Authors
  1. Ayhan Kanat
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Correspondence to Mehmet D. Aydin.

Additional information

Comment

This is a novel study of the effect of vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage in an experimental rabbit model. The authors carefully designed a study that would evaluate the relationship of neuron density in the C3 DRG and the severity of anterior spinal artery (ASA) vasospasm. This was performed by direct injection of homologous blood into the cisterna magna, followed by nerve sectioning and histopathology. Twenty animals in total were studied, four of which acted as controls. After 20 days, the animals were sacrificed and histopathology was performed using the physical dissector method for neuron density and a microtome was used for measurement of the ASA. This group attempts to show that an inverse relationship exists between neuronal density of the C3-DRG and ASA volume. We read this study with great interest, and as there is current interest in cervical spinal cord stimulation in SAH, this type of data may prove to be helpful in the clarification of the mechanisms.

1. Yoshihiro TAKANASHI and Masamichi SHINONAGA; “Spinal Cord Stimulation for Cerebral Vasospasm as Prophylaxis”, Neurologia medico-chirurgica, Vol. 40, pp.352–357 (2000).

Christopher Loftus

Philadelphia. USA

An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00701-010-0844-x.

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Kanat, A., Yilmaz, A., Aydin, M.D. et al. Role of degenerated neuron density of dorsal root ganglion on anterior spinal artery vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage: experimental study. Acta Neurochir 152, 2167–2172 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-010-0793-4

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