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Phylogeny of Sparganium (Typhaceae) revisited: non-monophyletic nature of S. emersum sensu lato and resurrection of S. acaule

Plant Systematics and Evolution volume 302, pages 129–135 (2016)Cite this article

Abstract

The diploid aquatic genus Sparganium (Typhaceae) comprises ca. 14 species mainly in cool temperate regions of the world. Among these, S. emersum comprises two infraspecific taxa, subspecies acaule from eastern North America and subspecies emersum from Eurasia and western North America (and occasionally from eastern North America as well). However, there has been some discussion regarding the monophyly of S. emersum sensu lato. We tested the hypothesis of a polyphyletic S. emersum sensu lato in a phylogenetic framework. Sequence data from six plastid DNA regions and nuclear phyC were analyzed using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference. We obtained a moderately resolved phylogeny with the plastid DNA data set, while phylogenetically less-informative phyC was useful to distinguish morphological species and discern hybrid and non-hybrid specimens. Sparganium emersum sensu lato was resolved as polyphyletic, clustering with S. angustifolium and S. glomeratum, respectively. Sparganium acaule is resurrected to be a sister to S. glomeratum, for which synapomorphic and distinguishing morphological characters are provided. Three cases of hybridization were detected.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank curators of the following herbaria for arranging loans from their institutions and/or for hospitality during our recent visits: J. Hall (ALTA), P. Catling (DAO), D. Boufford (GH), L. Lisitsyna (IBIW), A. Seregin (MW), B. Thiers, T. Zanoni (NY), and T. Dickinson (TRT); D. D. Sokoloff (Moscow), K. Shuto (FKSE), and K. Sawa (Yamagata) for providing Sparganium specimens; C. Ishii (Tsukuba) for help with DNA sequencing; and M. Sasagawa (Niigata) for help to collect samples. We would also like to thank H. Cota-Sanchez (SASK), J. Li (Kunming), J. Murata, H. Ikeda, and T. Ohi-Toma (TI) for their continuous encouragements and supports. This research was partly supported by Yamada Science Foundation Long-term Stay Abroad Program, Japan to YI, and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 25440224 to NT.

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  1. Yu Ito

    Present address: Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, People’s Republic of China

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 112-0001, Japan

    Yu Ito

  2. Tsukuba Botanical Garden, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, 305-0005, Japan

    Norio Tanaka

  3. Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 461-701, Republic of Korea

    Changkyun Kim

  4. The Bessey Herbarium, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0514, USA

    Robert B. Kaul

  5. Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences (IBU), Carl von Ossietzky-Universität Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany

    Dirk C. Albach

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  1. Yu Ito
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  2. Norio Tanaka
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  3. Changkyun Kim
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Correspondence to Yu Ito.

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Ito, Y., Tanaka, N., Kim, C. et al. Phylogeny of Sparganium (Typhaceae) revisited: non-monophyletic nature of S. emersum sensu lato and resurrection of S. acaule . Plant Syst Evol 302, 129–135 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-015-1245-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-015-1245-7

Keywords

  • Aquatic plants
  • Hybridization
  • Molecular phylogeny
  • phyC
  • Plastid DNA
  • Sparganium
  • Typhaceae