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Genomic relationships between hexaploid Helianthus resinosus and diploid Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae)

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Abstract

Genus Helianthus comprises diploid and polyploid species. An autoallopolyploid origin has been proposed for hexaploid species but the genomic relationships remain unclear. Mitotic and meiotic studies in annual Helianthus annuus (2n = 2x = 34) and perennial Helianthus resinosus (2n = 6x = 102) as well as the F1 hybrids between both species were carried out. Chromosome counting confirmed the hybrid origin of the latter plants and their tetraploid condition. Bivalents in hybrids ranged from 12 to 28 (\( \bar{x} \) = 20.8). Univalents, trivalents and quadrivalents were also observed. Meiotic products comprised dyads, triads and normal tetrads and pollen grains were heterogeneous in size. These observations suggest the occurrence of 2n pollen in addition to the expected n. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) of total H. annuus DNA on H. resinosus chromosomes rendered weak but uniform signals; similar hybridization pattern was observed using three other annual species. Hybridization with H. annuus probe performed on root tip cells of F1 H. annuus × H. resinosus hybrids revealed 17 chromosomes with a strong hybridization signal. GISH in hybrid meiocytes distinguished chromosomes from parental species and revealed autosyndetic pairing of H. resinosus chromosomes, allosyndetic pairing in bivalents, trivalents and quadrivalents, and the presence of univalents derived from parents, H. annuus and H. resinosus. Results obtained from classical and molecular cytogenetics do not support H. annuus as a direct ancestor of H. resinosus. The occurrence of allosyndetic pairing and the relatively high fertility of the F1 hybrids point to the possibility that useful genes could be transferred from H. resinosus to cultivate sunflower, although the effective rate of recombination has not been evaluated. GISH method proved effective to recognize parental chromosomes in H. annuus × H. resinosus progeny.

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Abbreviations

CTAB:

Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide

ETS:

External Transcribed Spacer

FISH:

Fluorescence in situ hybridization

GISH:

Genomic in situ hybridization

ITS:

Internal Transcribed Spacer

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to MSc. Raúl Rodríguez for his knowledge and help in getting the plant material. This research was supported by Grants ANPCYT-PICT 2286 and UNS-PGI 24A160.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal CERZOS-CONICET/UNS, CCT Bahía Blanca Camino La Carrindanga km 7, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina

    Julieta Miranda Zanetti, Mónica Poverene & Alicia Carrera

  2. Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Andrés 800, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina

    Mónica Poverene & Alicia Carrera

  3. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, UBA Intendente Güiraldes 2160, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Eduardo Greizerstein & Lidia Poggio

  4. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, Ruta 4, Km 2 Llavallol, 1846, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Eduardo Greizerstein

  5. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria (EEA) Balcarce Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Elsa Camadro & Mercedes Echeverría

  6. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (FCA), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), C.C. 256, 7620, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Elsa Camadro & Mercedes Echeverría

  7. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Elsa Camadro

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  1. Julieta Miranda Zanetti
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  2. Eduardo Greizerstein
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Correspondence to Julieta Miranda Zanetti.

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Miranda Zanetti, J., Greizerstein, E., Camadro, E. et al. Genomic relationships between hexaploid Helianthus resinosus and diploid Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae). Plant Syst Evol 300, 1071–1078 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-013-0945-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-013-0945-0

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