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Chromatin differentiation between Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek and V. unguiculata (L.) Walp. (Fabaceae)

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Abstract

A comparative chromosomal evaluation was carried out between Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) and V. radiata (mung bean) with chromomycin A3 (CMA3)/4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) banding and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using 5S/45S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) probes. Both species had symmetric karyotypes (2n = 22), with prevalence of centromeres in chromosomes at median (m) and submedian (sm) regions and chromosomes ranging in size from 2.1 to 1.25 μm (V. unguiculata) and 2.18 to 0.93 μm (V. radiata). Three different banding patterns were identified for V. unguiculata: CMA +3 /DAPI0, CMA ++3 /DAPI–, and CMA +3 /DAPI–. The CMA +3 /DAPI0 bands were observed in the pericentromeric regions of all chromosomes, while the CMA ++3 /DAPI– and CMA +3 /DAPI– bands were co-localized with the 45S rDNA in the subtelomeric position (chromosomes B, G, and D, J, respectively) and in the proximal position in chromosome F. Two pairs of chromosomes (D and I) bearing interstitial 5S rDNA have been also identified. Vigna radiata displayed CMA 03 /DAPI+ bands distributed in the centromeric region of chromosomes B, C, and F, while CMA ++3 /DAPI– bands were co-localized with the 45S rDNA sites in the subtelomeric position of the short arm in the F and K chromosome pairs. Three pairs of 5S rDNA sites were identified, the first in the proximal region of the long arm in chromosome E and the two others in the proximal and subterminal positions in the long arm of chromosome J. These data highlight some divergences regarding the amount and composition of the heterochromatin in both species, allowing the identification of individual chromosomes in V. unguiculata and V. radiata, and a comparison with other members of the Phaseoloid clade.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the program RENORBIO (Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia) and also FINEP (Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos), CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico and Tecnológico), BNB (Banco Nordeste do Brasil), and FACEPE (Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco) for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Campus Ciências Agrárias, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Petrolina, PE, CEP 56304-917, Brazil

    Kyria Cilene de A. Bortoleti

  2. Departamento de Genética, Laboratório de Genética e Biotecnologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. da Engenharia, s/nº, Recife, PE, CEP 50740-600, Brazil

    Kyria Cilene de A. Bortoleti, Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon & Ana Christina Brasileiro-Vidal

  3. Embrapa Semiárido, BR 428, Km 152, Zona Rural, Caixa Postal 23, Petrolina, PE, CEP 56302-970, Brazil

    Natoniel Franklin de Melo

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  1. Kyria Cilene de A. Bortoleti
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  2. Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon
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  3. Natoniel Franklin de Melo
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Correspondence to Ana Christina Brasileiro-Vidal.

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de A. Bortoleti, K.C., Benko-Iseppon, A.M., de Melo, N.F. et al. Chromatin differentiation between Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek and V. unguiculata (L.) Walp. (Fabaceae). Plant Syst Evol 298, 689–693 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-011-0551-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-011-0551-y

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