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Genetic diversity and population structure of the endangered alpine quillwort Isoetes hypsophila Hand.-Mazz. revealed by AFLP markers

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Abstract

Isoetes hypsophila Hand.-Mazz. (Isoetaceae) is an endangered quillwort endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Genetic variation and population structure of 12 I. hypsophila populations were examined by using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Eight primer pairs produced a total of 472 unambiguous bands, of which 229 (48.5%) were polymorphic. Intra-population genetic variation of Isoetes hypsophila was low (PP = 14.9%, HE = 0.039, hs = 0.084 and I = 0.061). The F statistics calculated by different approaches consistently revealed high genetic differentiation among populations, contributing approximately 50% of total gene diversity. Four genetic groups corresponding to four geographic regions were detected, indicating significant geographic structure. Our results suggest that both ongoing evolutionary forces (e.g., inbreeding system, bottlenecks resulting from fluctuation of water level) and historical events (e.g., orogenic movements which reduce gene flow among populations, repeated population retreat, and recolonization during ice ages) may have contributed to the genetic structure of I. hypsophila. In conservation, attention should be paid to preserving every population, and intra-region translocations can currently be recommended.

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Acknowledgments

This research was partially supported by the National Scientific Foundation of China (30870259), the Innovation Key project of CAS (KSCX2-YW-2-50), and the National Science and Technology Basic Work Program (2007FY110100). We thank Dr Zhu Weidong, Mr Yang Ziheng, and Mr Zheng Tiancai for their help on field surveys. We thank Ms Chen Jian for her valuable comments on the manuscript. We are especially appreciative of the editor and the reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430074, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

    Yuan-Yuan Chen, Li Liao, Wei Li & Zuo-Zhou Li

  2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100039, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Li Liao

  3. Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430074, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Li

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  1. Yuan-Yuan Chen
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Correspondence to Wei Li or Zuo-Zhou Li.

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Chen, YY., Liao, L., Li, W. et al. Genetic diversity and population structure of the endangered alpine quillwort Isoetes hypsophila Hand.-Mazz. revealed by AFLP markers. Plant Syst Evol 290, 127–139 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-010-0355-5

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