Skip to main content
Log in

On subspaces of \(\ell _\infty \) and extreme contractions in \({\mathbb {L}}({\mathbb {X}}, \ell _{\infty }^n)\)

  • Published:
Monatshefte für Mathematik Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We investigate different possiblities of subspaces of the space \(\ell _{\infty }\) in terms of whether the subspaces are polyhedral or not. We further study finite-dimensional subspaces of \(\ell _{\infty }\) which are of the form \(\ell _\infty ^n\) for some \( n \ge 2.\) As an application of the results we compute the number of extreme contractions for a class of the space of bounded linear operators. In particular we find the number of extreme contractions of \({\mathbb {L}}({\mathbb {X}}, \ell _{\infty }^n),\) where \({\mathbb {X}}\) is a finite-dimensional polyhedral space.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

References

  1. Alexandrov, A.D.: Convex Polyhedra. Springer, Berlin (2005)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Grza̧ślewicz, R.: Extreme operators on \(2\)-dimensional \(l_p\)-spaces. Colloq. Math. 44, 309–315 (1981)

  3. Grza̧ślewicz, R.: Extreme operators on real Hilbert spaces. Math. Ann. 261, 463–466 (1982)

  4. Iwanik, A.: Extreme contractions on certain function spaces. Colloq. Math. 40, 147–153 (1978)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Kadison, R.V.: Isometries of operator algebras. Ann. Math. 54, 325–338 (1951)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Kim, C.W.: Extreme contraction operators on \(l_\infty \). Math. Z. 151, 101–110 (1976)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Lima, Å.: On extreme operators on finite-dimensional Banach spaces whose unit balls are polytypes. Ark. Mat. 19(1), 97–116 (1981)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Lima, Å.: Intersection properties of balls in spaces of compact operators. Ann. Inst. Fourier 28, 35–65 (1978)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Lima, Å., Olsen, G.: Extreme points in duals of complex operator spaces. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 94(3), 437–440 (1985)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Lindenstrauss, J., Perles, M.A.: On extreme operators in finite-dimensional spaces. Duke Math. J. 36, 301–314 (1969)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Mal, A., Paul, K., Dey, S.: Characterization of extreme contractions through k-smoothness of operators. Linear Multilinear Algebra 70(20), 5301–5315 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Ray, A., Roy, S., Bagchi, S., Sain, D.: Extreme contractions on finite-dimensional polygonal Banach spaces-II. J. Oper. Theory 84, 127–137 (2020)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Sain, D., Paul, K., Mal, A.: On extreme contractions between real Banach spaces. Expo. Math. 39, 33–47 (2021)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Sain, D., Ray, A., Paul, K.: Extreme contractions on finite-dimensional polygonal Banach spaces. J. Conv. Anal. 26, 877–885 (2019)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Sain, D., Paul, K., Bhunia, P., Bag, S.: On the numerical index of polyhedral Banach space. Linear Algebra Appl. 577, 121–133 (2019)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Sain, D., Sohel, S., Ghosh, S., Paul, K.: On best coapproximations in subspaces of diagonal matrices. Linear Multilinear Algebra 71(1), 47–62 (2023)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Sharir, M.: Characterization and properties of extreme operators into \(C(Y)\). Isr. J. Math. 12, 174–183 (1972)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Sharir, M.: Extremal stucture in operator spaces. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 186, 91–111 (1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to sincerely thank the referee for his/her invaluable suggestions, which lead to substantial improvement of the paper. Dr. Debmalya Sain feels elated to acknowledge the inspiring research vision of Professor Harish Kumar Sardana, the Director of IIIT-Raichur.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kallol Paul.

Additional information

Communicated by Michael Kunzinger.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

The first author would like to thank CSIR, Govt. of India, for the financial support in the form of Junior Research Fellowship under the mentorship of Prof. Kallol Paul.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sohel, S., Sain, D. & Paul, K. On subspaces of \(\ell _\infty \) and extreme contractions in \({\mathbb {L}}({\mathbb {X}}, \ell _{\infty }^n)\). Monatsh Math 202, 621–636 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00605-023-01867-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00605-023-01867-6

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification

Navigation