Abstract.
WDS-EPMA and GDOES measurements were applied for the characterization of the in-situ surface modification process of (Ti, W)C-based hardmetals by in-diffusion of carbon and nitrogen leading to complicated microstructures composed by layers and/or gradients. The calibration of the analytical techniques was performed with chemically characterized specimens prepared by diffusional techniques or hot-pressing. In addition, for the GDOES method, certified reference materials (CRMs) have been used. The work was started from a re-investigation of the W-C and Mo-C systems in order to measure homogeneity regions of the various phases prepared by use of diffusion couples. Subsequently, the metal and non-metal contents of various sequences of layers and/or gradients in functional-gradient hardmetals (FGHs) were measured. Both methods were employed as complementary tools to get information about the element-concentration distribution in FGHs so that a better understanding of the influence of process parameters for fabrication of special hardmetals is possible.
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Garcia, J., Trampert, S., Lengauer, W. et al. EPMA and GDOES in Functional-Gradient Hardmetal Systems. Mikrochim Acta 133, 223–231 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/s006040070097
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s006040070097