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Electrochemical capacitive dengue aptasensor using NS1 in undiluted human serum

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Abstract

Non-structural 1 (NS1) is a protein biomarker that can be found in blood in the early stages of dengue and related infections (Zika and Chikungunya). This study aims to develop a biosensor to selectively quantify NS1 using DNA aptamer co-immobilized on gold electrodes with 6-(ferrocenyl)hexanethiol (FCH) using electrochemical capacitive spectroscopy. This technique uses a redox probe (FCH) immobilized on the self-assembled monolayer to convert impedance into capacitance information. The developed platform was blocked with bovine serum albumin before NS1 exposure and the ratio between aptamers and FCH was optimized. The aptasensor was tested using commercial NS1 serotype 4 in phosphate-buffered saline and commercial undiluted human serum. Using the optimum applied potential provides high sensitivity (3 and 4 nF per decade) and low limit of detection (30.9 and 41.8 fg/mL) with a large linear range (10 pg to 1 µg/mL and 10 pg to 100 ng/mL, respectively). Both results exhibit a residual standard deviation value < 1%. The results suggested that this aptasensor was capable of detecting NS1 in the clinical range and can be applied to any other specific aptamer with FCH, opening the path for label-free miniaturized point-of-care devices with high sensitivity and specificity.

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Funding

BBJ was financed by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior/Brasil (CAPES—Finance Code 001). MRBS received funding from FAPESP (2013/26133–7) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (151658/2022–6). MM received funding from FAPESP (2017/24201–6) and CNPq (308713/2018–4 and 310405/2021–1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letter at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil

    Bassam Bachour Junior, Marina Ribeiro Batistuti Sawazaki & Marcelo Mulato

Authors
  1. Bassam Bachour Junior
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  2. Marina Ribeiro Batistuti Sawazaki
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  3. Marcelo Mulato
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Contributions

BBJ carried out the experimental work under the supervision of MRB and MM. MRB and BBJ wrote the paper with contributions from MM. All authors checked and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Marina Ribeiro Batistuti Sawazaki.

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Bachour Junior, B., Batistuti Sawazaki, M.R. & Mulato, M. Electrochemical capacitive dengue aptasensor using NS1 in undiluted human serum. Microchim Acta 191, 72 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-023-06141-y

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