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Quantitative measurement of CA 15-3 cancer biomarker using an electrochemical aptasensor based on the electrodeposition of Au thin film on cauliflower-like rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite

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Abstract

The present research was conducted to design and construct an electrochemical aptasensor for evaluating carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) as a biomarker for breast cancer. The aptasensor has been fabricated by a gold thin film (AuTF) electrodeposited on a cauliflower-like reduced graphene oxide-molybdenum sulfide nanocomposite (rGO-MoS2). The modified electrode’s surface was used to immobilize the thiolated aptamer, which was subsequently treated with CA 15-3 antigen. The aptasensor fabrication process was assessed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). This research also applied EIS to the quantitative measurement of CA 15-3 antigen by the proposed aptasensor. The interfacial charge transfer resistance (Rct) alteration before and after incubation of CA 15-3 by the immobilized aptamer was considered a signal for the quantitative measurement of CA 15-3. A linear concentration ranging from 5.0 to 200.0 U mL−1 with a detection limit of 3.0 × 10−1 U mL−1 was obtained for CA 15-3 using the EIS method. This designed aptasensor indicates satisfactory repeatability and stability, good selectivity, and high sensitivity. Moreover, clinical samples were assayed by the prepared aptasensor and compared with the ELISA method, yielding acceptable results. The recovery and relative standard deviation (RSD) of CA 15-3 in human serum samples were in the range 95.0 to 107.0% and 3.5 to 7.5%, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

It is important to appreciate the Iran University of Medical Science for sponsoring this project (Grant No. 99-2-14-18485). Also, the authors of this article are grateful to the head of Sharif University of Technology Biomaterials Engineering Laboratory (Faculty of Science and Materials) and laboratory (Faculty of Physics). Additionally, it is mentioned N Naseri was supported from the Research and Technology Council of the Sharif University of Technology (Grant No. G4000212).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Yasaman Vojgani, Zahra Madjd & Jafar Kiani

  2. Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11155-9161, Iran

    Yasaman Vojgani, Saba Ranjbar & Naimeh Naseri

  3. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

    Naimeh Naseri

  4. Department of Materials Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

    Abolghasem Dolati

  5. Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Zahra Madjd & Jafar Kiani

  6. Advanced Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Sara Saeedi & Mahdi Karimi

  7. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Sara Saeedi & Mahdi Karimi

  8. Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Sara Saeedi

  9. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mahdi Karimi

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  1. Yasaman Vojgani
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Correspondence to Mahdi Karimi.

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Vojgani, Y., Ranjbar, S., Naseri, N. et al. Quantitative measurement of CA 15-3 cancer biomarker using an electrochemical aptasensor based on the electrodeposition of Au thin film on cauliflower-like rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite. Microchim Acta 190, 406 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-023-05989-4

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