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Dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent probe based on N-doped CQDs@UiO-66/PVA nanocomposite hydrogel for quantification of pethidine in human plasma

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Abstract

A synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) sensor for pethidine detection is described based on UiO-66 metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) modified with N-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) embedded in hydrogel nanocomposites. Benefitting from the inovative  design of the doping method in the carbonaceous structure, N-CQDs were successfully deposited in the pores of the UiO-66 network. Then, N-CQDs were employed as a sensitive segment toward the target molecules. UiO-66 was used for sensitive and selective sensing of the bonding interactions between N-CQDs and pethidine so that the electron transfer process from UiO-66 to the pethidine-N-CQD complex results in quenching the SFS intensity of UiO-66. To embed the stable and suitable sensing interface for pethidine assessment, the designed nanomaterial was inserted into the hydrogel network. This nanocomposite hydrogel showed two well-resolved emission peaks at 300 nm and 350 nm under ∆λ = 70, which corresponded to N-CQDs and UiO-66, respectively. The SFS sensing platform was employed for ratiometric detection of pethidine with a low limit of detection of 0.002 μg mL−1 over a wide concentration range from 0.005 to 1.0 μg mL−1. The accurate monitoring of pethidine with a good recovery of 90.8–101.5% indicated their independency from matrix effects for pethidine detection in human plasma being a complicated biological matrix.

Graphical abstract

Scheme 1. General procedure for synthesizing N-CQDs@UiO-66/PVA hydrogel-based nanoprobe and its application for pethidine determination

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Scheme 1
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The work is supported by Tabriz University of Medical Science under grant number of 68133.

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Acknowledgements

Research reported in this publication is a part of Z. Karimzadeh’s Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Funding

The work is financially supported by the Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center under grant number 68133.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Zahra Karimzadeh, Afshin Gharekhani, Elaheh Rahimpour & Abolghasem Jouyban

  2. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Zahra Karimzadeh

  3. Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Pharmacotherapy), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Afshin Gharekhani

  4. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Elaheh Rahimpour

  5. Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, North Cyprus, PO BOX, 99138 Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey

    Abolghasem Jouyban

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Karimzadeh, Z., Gharekhani, A., Rahimpour, E. et al. Dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent probe based on N-doped CQDs@UiO-66/PVA nanocomposite hydrogel for quantification of pethidine in human plasma. Microchim Acta 190, 128 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-023-05703-4

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