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Sulfonic acid-functionalized covalent organic frameworks as the coating for stir bar sorptive extraction of fluoroquinolones in milk samples

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Abstract

Sulfonic acid-functionalized covalent organic frameworks (COF-SO3) as a coating of stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) for capturing three fluoroquinolones from milk have been developed. The COF-SO3 material was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. Milk without any typical treatments like protein precipitation and defatting was only diluted five times with water for test. Combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a SBSE-HPLC method was established for detecting fluoroquinolones in milk samples. The corresponding wide linear ranges (4.00–500.0 µg L−1), low detection limits (1.20–2.62 µg L−1), good test repeatability (RSD < 5.2%), and acceptable enrichment factors (56.2–61.5) were implemented for three fluoroquinolones. The analytical method was applied to determine trace targets and provided satisfactory results. Furthermore, the research displayed satisfied reproducibility for bar-to-bar (RSD < 6.5%) and batch-to-batch (RSD < 8.6%) tests.

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Funding

This research work was financially supported by the Major Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province (2019JZZY020903) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Nos. 21777054 and 21405061).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Food Science and Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, People’s Republic of China

    Jiarui Wang, Yujing Lian, Minglin Wang & Luqin Qiao

  2. Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People’s Republic of China

    Juanjuan Feng & Min Sun

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  1. Jiarui Wang
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Correspondence to Min Sun or Luqin Qiao.

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Wang, J., Feng, J., Sun, M. et al. Sulfonic acid-functionalized covalent organic frameworks as the coating for stir bar sorptive extraction of fluoroquinolones in milk samples. Microchim Acta 190, 5 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-022-05534-9

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