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Advanced nanoengineered—customized point-of-care tools for prostate-specific antigen

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Abstract 

Change in the level of human prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a major element in the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). Most of the methodologies are currently restricted to their application in routine clinical screening due to the scarcity of adequate screening tools, false reading, long assay time, and cost. Innovative techniques and the integration of knowledge from a variety of domains, such as materials science and engineering, are needed to provide sustainable solutions. The convergence of precision point-of-care (POC) diagnostic techniques, which allow patients to respond in real time to changes in PSA levels, provides promising possibilities for quantitative and quantitative detection of PSA. This solution could be interesting and relevant for use in PCa diagnosis at the POC. The approaches enable low-cost real-time detection and are simple to integrate into user-friendly sensor devices. This review focuses on the investigations, prospects, and challenges associated with integrating engineering sciences with cancer biology to develop nanotechnology-based tools for PCa diagnosis. This article intends to encourage the development of new nanomaterials to construct high-performance POC devices for PCa detection. Finally, the review concludes with closing remarks and a perspective forecast.

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  1. Sima Singh

    Present address: Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

    Arshid Numan & Mohammad Khalid

  2. IES Institute of Pharmacy, IES University Campus, Kalkheda, Ratibad Main Road, Bhopal, 462044, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Sima Singh

  3. State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, SIST, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China

    Yiqiang Zhan

  4. College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, SA1 8EN, UK

    Lijie Li

  5. Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland

    Kirsi Rilla & Sanjeev Ranjan

  6. Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy

    Stefano Cinti

  7. BAT Center – Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055, Naples, Italy

    Stefano Cinti

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Highlights

• PSA is a prostate cancer-specific protein biomarker.

• This review mainly focuses on recently developed optical and electrochemical sensors for PSA detection.

• This review discusses the important roles played by nanomaterials in the frequent monitoring of PSA levels at various stages of cancer.

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Numan, A., Singh, S., Zhan, Y. et al. Advanced nanoengineered—customized point-of-care tools for prostate-specific antigen. Microchim Acta 189, 27 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-021-05127-y

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