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In situ growth of electroactive polymers via ATRP to construct a biosensing interface for tumor marker

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Abstract

A novel biosensing interface for tumor markers was designed based on the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of poly(isopropenylphenol) (PPPL) in situ initiated by the fixing of p-chloromethyl benzoic acid on the surface of amino-modified electrodes. It was found that the electrochemical activity of PPPL itself can provide sufficient signals for these biosensors, which can avoid signal leakage and streamline the interface modification process. Cu(II) ions absorbed on the carbon spheres and then were released via acid stimulation to act as a catalyst to participate in the interface polymerization with ATRP. As the concentration of targets increased, more Cu(II) ions were released, and the electrochemical signal of polymers was enhanced. Therefore, the sensitive detection of carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA19-9) as a model target was achieved, with an ultralow limit of detection of 39 µU mL−1 and wide detection range from 100 µU mL−1 to 100 U mL−1 under optimal conditions. Furthermore, this method achieved satisfying performance in human blood serum with good inter-assay precision (RSD < 6%) and satisfactory recovery of ~ 99–105%. According to the results, this work is of great significance for constructing biosensor interfaces via in situ polymerization.

Graphical abstract

A novel biosensing interface for tumor marker was designed based on atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), which poly(isopropenylphenol) with electrochemical signal was fabricated in situ on electrode.

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Funding

This research was financed by grants from Joint project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission and Beijing Natural Science Foundation (KZ202110028042), National Natural Science Foundation of China (22172104, 21673143), and Capacity Building for Sci-Tech Innovation-Fundamental Scientific Research Funds (20530290087, 20530290055).

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  1. Fei Wang and Yang Xu equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China

    Fei Wang, Yang Xu, Hongliang Han & Zhanfang Ma

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  1. Fei Wang
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  2. Yang Xu
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  3. Hongliang Han
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  4. Zhanfang Ma
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Correspondence to Hongliang Han or Zhanfang Ma.

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Wang, F., Xu, Y., Han, H. et al. In situ growth of electroactive polymers via ATRP to construct a biosensing interface for tumor marker. Microchim Acta 188, 389 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-021-05048-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-021-05048-w

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