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Zeolite-iron oxide nanocomposite from fly ash formed a ‘clubbell’ structure: integration of cardiac biocapture macromolecules in serum on microelectrodes

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Abstract

A new zeolite-iron oxide nanocomposite (ZEO-IO) was extracted from waste fly ash of a thermal power plant and utilized for capturing aptamers used to quantify the myocardial infarction (MI) biomarker N-terminal prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP); this was used in a probe with an integrated microelectrode sensor. High-resolution microscopy revealed that ZEO-IO displayed a clubbell structure and a particle size range of 100–200 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Si, Al, Fe, and O in the synthesized ZEO-IO. The limit of detection for NT-ProBNP was 1–2 pg/mL (0.1–0.2 pM) when the aptamer was sandwiched with antibody and showed the doubled current response even at a low NT-ProBNP abundance. A dose-dependent interaction was identified for this sandwich with a linear plot in the concentration range 1 to 32 pg/mL (0.1–3.2 pM) with a determination coefficient R2 = 0.9884; y = 0.8425x–0.5771. Without  sandwich, the detection limit was 2–4 pg/mL (0.2–0.4 pM) and the determination coefficient was R2 = 0.9854; y = 1.0996x–1.4729. Stability and nonfouling assays in the presence of bovine serum albumin, cardiac troponin I, and myoglobin revealed that the aptamer-modified surface is stable and specific for NT-Pro-BNP. Moreover, NT-ProBNP-spiked human serum exhibited selective detection. This new nanocomposite-modified surface helps in detecting NT-Pro-BNP and diagnosing MI at stages of low expression.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ward 4, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang City, 453000, China

    Zhiqiang Liu, Zhifang Wang & Yibo Li

  2. Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia

    Subash C. B. Gopinath

  3. Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Subash C. B. Gopinath

  4. Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 402-751, Republic of Korea

    Periasamy Anbu

  5. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250021, Jinan, China

    Wenlong Zhang

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  1. Zhiqiang Liu
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  2. Subash C. B. Gopinath
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  3. Zhifang Wang
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  4. Yibo Li
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Correspondence to Wenlong Zhang.

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Liu, Z., Gopinath, S.C.B., Wang, Z. et al. Zeolite-iron oxide nanocomposite from fly ash formed a ‘clubbell’ structure: integration of cardiac biocapture macromolecules in serum on microelectrodes. Microchim Acta 188, 187 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-021-04834-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-021-04834-w

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